ULTRASOUND TECHNIQUES FOR TUMOR PERFUSION MEASUREMENTS

描述（改编自申请人摘要）：本提案将调查 使用三种相关的超声技术来评估血液 流这些方法将专门应用于肝脏的评估 血液动力学，其中有各种血管供应， 复杂的因素。此外，这些技术可以提供一些额外的功能。 在评估肝脏病变如转移中的诊断信息。 将测试三种方法。造影剂中断使用transmittance 应用超声波在血管中产生高时间分辨率的团注 在简单静脉输注基于微泡的超声造影剂后， 剂这些推注是在没有动脉导管插入术的情况下产生的， 提供类似的洗入-洗出。也许更重要的是， 重复中断两次多次推注的药剂流动 连续IV融合。特定血管的中断可以确定相对 流量贡献，并在其他类型的灌注测量期间使用。 对比度去相关测量对比度通过超声的运动 通过检查在给定位置处散斑相干性的逐渐损失来测量光束。 该技术具有直接估计平均渡越时间的特性， 至少在初步研究中，似乎是相当独立的角度。与 某些修改，该技术可以直接产生灌注在一个 超声可及组织中流动的实时成像应用。最后 闪光回波成像（FEI）是一种已经在 特定扫描仪FEI使用更高强度的超声波脉冲来破坏 然后监测造影剂从成像平面的速度， 造影剂返回到被成像的组织。与contrast相反 中断，FEI无选择性地提供局部血流信息 但这是一个非常方便的测量方法， available.结合对比度中断， 与FEI相比，可以在肝血流中获得信息 一个人这项研究将调查这些技术的使用在三个 具体的肝脏应用。1)相对流量测量 来自肝动脉和门静脉系统的贡献。（二） 测量这些相同血管供应的平均通过时间（ 从1和2的信息的组合应该提供一个测量， 类似于灌注。（3）检查肝脏病变的鉴别诊断 可以实现。这些技术不仅可以提高肝脏的诊断， 但应适用于各种血流动力学指标 在整个身体。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This proposal will investigate the use of three related ultrasound techniques for the evaluation of blood flow. These methods will be applied specifically in the assessment of liver hemodynamics in which there are various vascular supplies that provide some complicating factors. In addition, these techniques may provide some additional diagnostic information in the evaluation of liver lesions such as metastasis. Three methods will be tested. Contrast interruption uses transcutaneously applied ultrasound to create high temporal resolution boluses in the vessels following simple intravenous infusion of microbubble-based ultrasound contrast agent. These boluses are created without arterial catheterization and yet provide similar washin-washout. Perhaps even more important is the ability to repeated interrupt the flow of agent for both multiple boluses during continuous IV fusion. Interruption in specific vessels can determine relative flow contribution and be used during other types of perfusion measures. Contrast decorrelation measures the motion of contrast through the ultrasound beam by examining the gradual loss of speckle coherence at a given location. The technique has the property of directly estimating a mean transit time, and at least in preliminary studies, appears to be quite angle independent. With certain modifications, the technique may directly yield perfusion in a real-time imaging application of flow in ultrasound accessible tissues. Finally flash-echo imaging (FEI) is a technique which has already been implemented on a specific scanner. FEI uses higher intensity pulses on ultrasound to destroy contrast agent from the imaging plane and then monitor the rate at which the contrast agent is returned to the tissue being imaged. In contrast to contrast interruption, FEI provides the local blood flow information without selectivity for vascular supply but is a very convenient measurement that is already available. In combination with contrast interruption, considerably more information can be obtained in liver flow than would be possible with FEI alone. The research will investigate the use of these techniques in three specific hepatic applications. 1) Measurement of the relative flow contributions from the hepatic arterial and portal venous systems. 2) Measurement of the mean transit time for these same vascular supplied (The combination of information from 1 and 2 should provide a measure which is analogous to perfusion. And 3) Examine whether differentiation of liver lesions can be achieved. These techniques should not only improve diagnosis of liver disease but should be applicable to a wide variety of hemodynamic measures throughout the body.