The analysis of suspended affixation: coordination, morphosyntax and the architecture of the language faculty

悬置词缀分析：协调、形态句法和语言能力的结构

• 批准号: 2241670
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Queen Mary University of London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2241670
• 关键词: analysis; suspended; affixation; coordination; morphosyntax

In languages like Turkish, words seem to be obligatorily composed of various morphemes that signal grammatical information, such as tense or agreement. When these inflected words are coordinated, some of them need not display these morphemes without an impact on their interpretation. Let's call this phenomenon "suspended affixation" (or SA). SA raises some general questions:Which kinds of morphemes can be suspended?How should we explain a morpheme's capacity to be suspended?What implications does SA have for the human language faculty?This project approaches these questions from the perspective of Minimalist generative grammar (see e.g. Chomsky 1995), where the mental rule systems or grammars associated with languages are investigated. Different analyses of SA are possible thanks to the general structure of grammars that is assumed in the Minimalist framework, which is divided into components that deal with different kinds of information (syntactic, semantic, phonological, morphological). To resolve this dilemma we need to consider both the "internal" properties of different components and how these components interact. This project can illuminate some fundamental issues in linguistic theory: the connection between a) phonological form and meaning b) syntactic structure and word structure. The insight from Chomsky (1957, 1965) was that we need a syntactic theory that doesn't reduce to a theory of e.g. semantics or phonology. There are two controversial extensions to this idea. Parallels in the structure of words and phrases have led to debate about whether syntactic structure organizes units that compose words themselves, leaving words as epiphenomenal residue. More broadly syntactic structure is often argued to inform semantic and phonological components, whilst these components are blind to each other (the "Inverted Y" model). By organizing different components of grammar, syntactic structure would then be crucial to creating meaningful phrases with phonological content.

在像土耳其语这样的语言中，单词似乎必须由各种表示语法信息的语素组成，例如时态或一致性。当这些词形变化的词是协调的，他们中的一些不需要显示这些语素没有影响他们的解释。让我们把这种现象称为“悬缀”（或SA）。SA提出了一些一般性的问题：哪些语素可以被暂停？我们应该如何解释语素的悬浮能力？SA对人类语言能力有什么影响？这个项目从最简生成语法的角度来探讨这些问题（参见Chomsky 1995），其中研究了与语言相关的心理规则系统或语法。不同的分析SA是可能的，这要归功于在最简框架中假设的语法的一般结构，它被划分为处理不同类型的信息（句法，语义，语音，形态）的组件。为了解决这个难题，我们需要考虑不同组件的“内部”属性以及这些组件如何相互作用。这个项目可以阐明语言学理论中的一些基本问题：a）语音形式和意义之间的联系B）句法结构和词结构之间的联系。乔姆斯基（1957，1965）的见解是，我们需要一种句法理论，这种理论不能简化为语义学或音系学等理论。这个想法有两个有争议的延伸。单词和短语结构的相似性引发了关于句法结构是否组织了组成单词本身的单位，而将单词作为副现象残留物的争论。更广泛地说，句法结构通常被认为是语义和语音成分的信息，而这些成分彼此之间是盲目的（“倒Y”模型）。通过组织不同的语法成分，句法结构对于创造具有语音内容的有意义的短语至关重要。