THREE-DIMENSIONAL TACTILE AND VISUAL FORM PERCEPTION

三维（3D）形式是一个基本的感知范畴，超越了个人的感官系统。一个生动的3D形式的概念可以通过触摸、视觉或两者来获得。作为3D感知基础的神经表征可能是超模态的（独立或个体感觉系统），多模态的（基于个体系统中表征之间的强联系），或两者的混合。有两个令人信服的理由进行研究的3D形式知觉。首先，3D形式感知是大脑中感觉整合的范例。第二，3D形式感知是一种基本的认知功能，其神经机制几乎完全未知。提出了四个单独的项目，两个涉及体感神经生理学和视觉神经生理学。触觉感知的3D形式，同时对构象的手和信息的整合，从多个接触点的指尖。项目1（约翰逊）涉及神经元如何在多个接触点对3D刺激（边缘，角落，曲率）作出反应。项目3（Hsiao）专注于反应如何依赖于手的构造。3D形式的视觉感知来自2D图像;这个过程取决于视觉信息与光学和3D世界的隐含知识的整合。项目2（Conner）解决了视觉皮层中的神经元如何表示3D共享的基本元素（3D边缘，角落，表面曲率和简单的体积，如块和圆柱体）。项目4（von der Hyedt）集中于双眼和单眼的整合以及线索冲突。核心项目涉及共享服务、管理和项目协调。

Three-dimensional (3D) form is a fundamental perceptual category that transcends individual sensory systems. A vivid percept of 3D form can be obtained from touch, from vision, or from both. The neural representations that underlie 3D for perception may be supramodal (independent or the individual sensory systems), multimodal (based on strong links between representations in the individual systems, or a mixture of the two. There are two compelling reasons to undertake the study of 3D form perception. The first is that 3D form perception is a paradigm of sensory integration in the brain. The second is that 3D form perception is a fundamental cognitive function whose neural mechanisms are almost completely unknown. Four individual projects are proposed, two involving somatosensory neurophysiology and two involving visual neurophysiology. Tactual perception of 3D form simultaneously on the conformation on the hand and on the integration of information from the multiple points of contact with the fingertips. Project 1 (Johnson) deals with how neurons respond to 3D stimuli (edges, corners, curvature) at multiple points of contact. Project 3 (Hsiao) concentrates on how responses depend on the conformation of the hand. Visual perception of 3D form is derived from 2D images; this process depends on the integration of visual information with implicit knowledge about optics and the 3D world. Project 2 (Conner) addresses how neurons in visual cortex represent the basic elements of 3D share (3D edges, corners, surface curvature, and simple volumes like blocks and cylinders). Project 4 (von der Hyedt) concentrations on the integration of binocular and monocular and cue conflict. The core project concerns shared services, administration, and project coordination.