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Paysannerie: The Ethnography, Consumption and Performance of Peasant Culture in Enlightenment Paris

Paysannerie：启蒙时期巴黎农民文化的民族志、消费和表现

基本信息

批准号：
2261620
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
Courtauld Institute of Art
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2261620
关键词：
Paysannerie Ethnography Consumption Performance Peasant

项目摘要

This thesis will be an inquiry into the interest in French rural culture among Parisian elites during the Ancien Régime. I will argue that the Enlightenment created spaces that fostered a curiosity about peasant societies among urban audiences well before the revolution, using the eighteenth century term Paysannerie to define this interest in rustic lifestyles. My study will revolve around food, shelter, dress, and representation, focusing heavily on ideas of performance and intercultural exchange. This as yet unstudied taste for both collecting and imitating the artefacts and technologies of French peasants was driven by the conquests of Louis XIV, the opening up of grain routes within France, the market for exotica, as well as the enlightenment's moral distaste of artifice. Previous art historical studies such as Amy Wyngaard's work on Watteau, or Melissa Hyde on Boucher's pastorals, have always read the interpretation of peasant life in the Ancien Régime through the lens of literary motifs, constructing this argument solely through salon paintings. I contend that the pastoral theme is not the only lens for understanding the reception of peasant identity among urban audiences. Instead, a corpus of objects, buildings, and images narrate a parallel, previously overlooked story of sincere inquiry into peasant life that formed part of the Enlightenment's project of self-definition.

本文旨在探讨旧制度时期巴黎精英阶层对法国乡村文化的兴趣。我认为，启蒙运动创造的空间在革命之前就在城市观众中培养了对农民社会的好奇心，使用18世纪的术语Paysannerie来定义这种对乡村生活方式的兴趣。我的研究将围绕食物，住所，服装和代表，重点放在性能和跨文化交流的想法。这种收集和模仿法国农民手工艺品和技术的尚未被研究的品味受到路易十四的征服，法国境内谷物路线的开辟，异国情调的市场以及启蒙运动对技巧的道德厌恶的推动。以前的艺术史研究，如艾米·温加德（Amy Wyngaard）对华托的研究，或梅丽莎·海德（Melissa Hyde）对鲍彻（Boucher）田园诗的研究，总是通过文学主题的透镜来解读旧制度下的农民生活，仅仅通过沙龙绘画来构建这一论点。我认为，田园主题并不是理解城市观众对农民身份接受的唯一透镜。相反，一系列的物体、建筑和图像讲述了一个平行的、以前被忽视的对农民生活的真诚探究的故事，这是启蒙运动自我定义项目的一部分。