Linguistic Processes of Children Who Stutter

口吃儿童的语言过程

• 批准号: 6790989
• 负责人: EDWARD Gage CONTURE
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6790989
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; developmental disease /disorder; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder onset; human subject; language development; language disorders; phonology; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; semantics; statistics /biometry; stuttering; syntax

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While motoric aspects of stuttering such as speech motor control have received considerable attention, developing lines of evidence suggest that linguistic variables such as syntax, semantics and phonology may also contribute to stuttering. At present, no completely satisfactory theory exists for the separate occurrence of childhood stuttering and difficulties with linguistic processing (e.g., lexical storage and/or retrieval), much less their common co-occurrence. Developing such theory, one might assume that disruptions in linguistic planning of speech-language production contribute to stuttering and that such disruptions are most likely temporal in nature given that stuttering is, by definition, a disruption in the rhythm or fluency of speech. Based on these assumptions, it could be speculated that the linguistic planning for speech-language production of people who stutter is slow, perhaps dyssynchronous, a possibility that may contribute to the overt hesitations, repetitions, and stoppages in speech that comprise the sine qua non of stuttering. Thus, the specific aims of the project are to assess differences in speech reaction time between children who do and do not stutter during conditions where speed of syntactic, semantic and phonological activation has been experimentally manipulated by priming procedures during picture-naming or picture description tasks. The possibility that subgroups exist among these children, based on their performance on these tasks as well as standardized tests, will also be explored through appropriate multivariate statistical procedures. Furthermore, the influence of these priming procedures will be studied for children with high-normal versus low-normal syntactic, semantic and phonologic abilities. Finally, the relationship between aspects of stuttering (e.g., most common disfluency type) and changes in speech reaction time during these experimental tasks will also be studied. Findings will have important theoretical implications regarding linguistic contributions to stuttering in children and help ground stuttering within the broader context of (ab)normal speech and language development as well as inform diagnostic and treatment protocols for childhood stuttering.

描述(申请人提供)：虽然口吃的运动方面，如言语运动控制，已经得到了相当大的关注，但越来越多的证据表明，语言变量，如句法，语义和音系学也可能导致口吃。目前，对于儿童口吃和语言加工困难(如词汇存储和/或提取)的单独发生，还没有完全令人满意的理论，更不用说它们共同出现了。在发展这样的理论时，人们可能会认为，言语产生的语言规划的中断会导致口吃，而且这种中断很可能是暂时的，因为口吃的定义是，口吃是一种说话节奏或流畅性的中断。基于这些假设，可以推测口吃者对言语产生的语言规划是缓慢的，也许是不同步的，这种可能性可能导致构成口吃的必要条件的公开的犹豫、重复和停顿。因此，该项目的具体目标是评估在句法、语义和语音激活速度被启动程序在图片命名或图片描述任务中实验性地操纵的条件下，有口吃和没有口吃的儿童之间的言语反应时的差异。根据这些儿童在这些任务中的表现和标准化测试，还将通过适当的多变量统计程序来探索这些儿童中存在分组的可能性。此外，还将研究这些启动程序对高-正常和低-正常句法、语义和语音能力儿童的影响。最后，我们还将研究口吃方面(例如，最常见的不流利类型)与这些实验任务中言语反应时间变化之间的关系。研究结果将对儿童口吃的语言因素具有重要的理论意义，并有助于在(Ab)正常言语和语言发展的更广泛背景下消除口吃，并为儿童口吃的诊断和治疗方案提供参考。