Linguistic Processes of Children Who Stutter

口吃儿童的语言过程

• 批准号: 6662002
• 负责人: EDWARD Gage CONTURE
• 金额: $ 24.05万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-07-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6662002
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; developmental disease /disorder; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder onset; human subject; language development; language disorders; phonology; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; semantics; statistics /biometry; stuttering; syntax

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While motoric aspects of stuttering such as speech motor control have received considerable attention, developing lines of evidence suggest that linguistic variables such as syntax, semantics and phonology may also contribute to stuttering. At present, no completely satisfactory theory exists for the separate occurrence of childhood stuttering and difficulties with linguistic processing (e.g., lexical storage and/or retrieval), much less their common co-occurrence. Developing such theory, one might assume that disruptions in linguistic planning of speech-language production contribute to stuttering and that such disruptions are most likely temporal in nature given that stuttering is, by definition, a disruption in the rhythm or fluency of speech. Based on these assumptions, it could be speculated that the linguistic planning for speech-language production of people who stutter is slow, perhaps dyssynchronous, a possibility that may contribute to the overt hesitations, repetitions, and stoppages in speech that comprise the sine qua non of stuttering. Thus, the specific aims of the project are to assess differences in speech reaction time between children who do and do not stutter during conditions where speed of syntactic, semantic and phonological activation has been experimentally manipulated by priming procedures during picture-naming or picture description tasks. The possibility that subgroups exist among these children, based on their performance on these tasks as well as standardized tests, will also be explored through appropriate multivariate statistical procedures. Furthermore, the influence of these priming procedures will be studied for children with high-normal versus low-normal syntactic, semantic and phonologic abilities. Finally, the relationship between aspects of stuttering (e.g., most common disfluency type) and changes in speech reaction time during these experimental tasks will also be studied. Findings will have important theoretical implications regarding linguistic contributions to stuttering in children and help ground stuttering within the broader context of (ab)normal speech and language development as well as inform diagnostic and treatment protocols for childhood stuttering.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然口吃的运动方面（如言语运动控制）受到了相当大的关注，但不断发展的证据表明，语言变量（如句法、语义和语音）也可能导致口吃。目前，对于儿童口吃和语言处理困难的单独发生还没有完全令人满意的理论（例如，词汇存储和/或检索），更不用说它们共同出现。发展这样的理论，人们可能会认为，言语-语言产生的语言规划中断有助于口吃，并且这种中断很可能是时间性的，因为口吃的定义是言语节奏或流畅性的中断。基于这些假设，可以推测，口吃者的语言规划是缓慢的，也许是不同步的，这可能导致明显的犹豫，重复和停顿，这些都是口吃的必要条件。因此，该项目的具体目标是评估儿童之间的言语反应时间的差异，不口吃的条件下，句法，语义和语音激活的速度已被实验操纵的启动程序在图片命名或图片描述任务。根据这些儿童在这些任务和标准化测试中的表现，也将通过适当的多元统计程序探讨这些儿童中存在亚组的可能性。此外，这些启动程序的影响将被研究的儿童与高正常和低正常的句法，语义和语音能力。最后，口吃的各个方面之间的关系（例如，最常见的不流利类型）和在这些实验任务期间言语反应时间的变化也将被研究。研究结果将有重要的理论意义，关于语言的贡献，在儿童口吃，并帮助地面口吃（AB）正常的语音和语言发展的更广泛的背景下，以及为儿童口吃的诊断和治疗方案。