IMMUNOLOGY

免疫学

• 批准号: 6563638
• 负责人: ALAN N. HOUGHTON
• 金额: $ 15.75万
• 依托单位: SLOAN-KETTERING INST CAN RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-01-30 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6563638
• 关键词: T cell receptor; T lymphocyte; apoptosis; biological signal transduction; bone marrow transplantation; cell differentiation; graft versus host disease; immunodeficiency; immunogenetics; major histocompatibility complex; neoplasm /cancer immunology

Description: The Immunology Program consists of 12 members with research interests in basic and clinical immunology, including a strong emphasis on the application of basic immunologic findings to the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies and solid tumors. Several laboratories pursue fundamental studies in murine lymphocyte biology and genetics. Dr. Ulrich Hammerling has contributed to murine immunogenetics and the characterization of human cell surface antigens, and has recently been focusing on the role of vitamin A in lymphocyte metabolism and immunodeficiency. Dr. Janko Nikolic-Zugic studies the developmental biology of murine thymocytes, with a particular emphasis on the role of T-cell receptor alpha rearrangements in thymic selection and apoptosis. Dr. Howard Petrie (recruited as a new assistant member in the Immunology Program in 1993) investigates the membrane events and signaling pathways that influence differentiation, cell division, and programmed cell death in murine thymocyte development. Dr. Osias Stutman continues to study cell-mediated immune responses and the immunologic function of tumor necrosis factor. Several investigators have interests in the immunogenetics of the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Dr. Janet Lee is studying an immunodeficiency disease designated the Bare Lymphocyte Syndrome, as a model for understanding transcriptional regulation of MHC class II molecules. Dr. Soo Young Yang is investigating the alloreactivity responsible for graft failure or graft-versus-host disease, and is also identifying DNA binding proteins that regulate class I transcription, and evaluating fine genetic polymorphisms in MHC class I and class II genes. Dr. Bo Dupont has made many contributions to the immunogenetics of the human MHC. He also has a current effort dedicated to understanding the regulation and function of CD28/B7 costimulation in T-cell responses. Several Immunology Program members work at an interface between translational research and clinical application, and employ immunologic strategies to treat hematopoietic malignancies by bone marrow transplantation (BMT), and to treat solid tumors with monoclonal antibodies and cytokines. Dr. Richard O'Reilly studies the immunobiology of bone marrow transplantation, and directs the pediatric BMT unit that treats leukemia and congenital immunodeficiencies. A second new addition to the Immunology Program (a joint recruitment with Cancer Prevention and Control), Dr. Michel Sadelain, brings expertise in the construction and use of retroviral vectors for gene therapy. Cancer Immunology is an area of considerable emphasis and tradition. Dr. Lloyd Old continues to study cell surface antigens on murine and human tumors, with the intent of developing immunologic approaches to treating human cancer. Dr. Alan Houghton, Program Head, has a major emphasis on identifying peptide sequences that stimulate the host immune response to tumors (particularly melanoma), and the development of human cancer vaccines. Dr. Kenneth Lloyd conducts fundamental biochemical analysis of glycoproteins and glycolipids, with a particular emphasis on defining the immunogenicity of gangliosides and blood group antigens on human solid tumors. Ten of the twelve Immunology Program members have NIH support, and the group has a total of nine R01s and two R29s. Furthermore, Drs. O'Reilly and Houghton are principal investigators on NCI program projects. The program makes extensive use of Center shared resources.

描述：免疫学计划由12名成员组成， 在基础和临床免疫学的兴趣，包括对免疫学的强烈强调， 基础免疫学发现在造血干细胞疾病治疗中的应用 恶性肿瘤和实体瘤。几个实验室追求基本的 小鼠淋巴细胞生物学和遗传学研究。乌尔里希·哈默林博士 有助于小鼠免疫遗传学和人类细胞的表征 表面抗原，最近一直专注于维生素A的作用， 淋巴细胞代谢和免疫缺陷。扬科·尼科利奇-祖吉奇博士的研究 小鼠胸腺细胞的发育生物学，特别强调 T细胞受体α重排在胸腺选择中的作用 凋亡霍华德皮特里博士（被招募为 1993年的免疫学计划）研究了膜事件和信号传导 影响分化、细胞分裂和程序化细胞的途径 小鼠胸腺细胞发育中的死亡。奥西亚斯·斯图曼博士继续研究 细胞免疫应答与肿瘤坏死的免疫功能 因子一些研究人员对免疫遗传学感兴趣， 人主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）。珍妮特·李博士正在研究一种 免疫缺陷疾病指定裸淋巴细胞综合征，作为一个模型， 理解MHCII类分子的转录调控。博士 Soo Young Yang正在研究导致移植的同种异体反应性 失败或移植物抗宿主病，并确定DNA结合 调节I类转录的蛋白质，并评估优良的遗传学特性。 MHC I类和II类基因的多态性。波·杜邦医生已经做了很多 对人类MHC免疫遗传学的贡献。他也有一个电流 致力于了解CD28/B7共刺激的调节和功能 在T细胞反应中。 几个免疫学项目的成员在翻译之间的接口工作 研究和临床应用，并采用免疫策略治疗 通过骨髓移植（BMT）治疗造血系统恶性肿瘤，并治疗 用单克隆抗体和细胞因子检测实体瘤。Richard O'Reilly博士 研究骨髓移植的免疫生物学， 治疗白血病和先天性免疫缺陷的儿科骨髓移植单位。一 免疫学计划的第二个新成员（与癌症联合招募） 预防和控制），米歇尔Sadelain博士，带来了专业知识， 用于基因治疗的逆转录病毒载体的构建和用途。癌 免疫学是一个相当重视和传统的领域。劳埃德·奥尔德博士 继续研究小鼠和人类肿瘤的细胞表面抗原， 目的是开发治疗人类癌症的免疫学方法。博士 Alan霍顿，项目负责人，主要强调识别肽 刺激宿主对肿瘤的免疫应答的序列（特别是 黑色素瘤）和人类癌症疫苗的开发。肯尼思·劳埃德博士 进行糖蛋白和糖脂的基本生化分析， 特别强调定义神经节苷脂的免疫原性， 血型抗原对人体实体瘤的影响 12个免疫学项目成员中有10个得到了NIH的支持， 一共有9架R01和2架R29。此外，O'Reilly博士和 霍顿是国家癌症研究所项目的主要研究人员。程序 充分利用中心共享资源。