Dynamics and statistics of Leishmaniasis transmission

利什曼病传播的动态和统计

• 批准号: 2271682
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2271682
• 关键词: Dynamics; statistics; Leishmaniasis; transmission

Visceral Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection which kills in excess of 20000 people each year, mainly in the developing world. It involves a protozoan parasite with a complex life cycle involving a human host and a sand fly vector.Successful transmission of the disease relies on a range of factors, and is notoriously hard to predict (Miller et al. 2015). Recent mathematical research combining stochastic processes and statistical image analysis (Doehl et al., 2017) has shown that, by characterizing parasite heterogeneity, the key mode of transmission can be identified. New data describing the dynamics of the parasite within the vector point to variability in transmission and pathology caused by nonlinear feedbacks between life stages (Serafim et al. 2018). The genetic mechanisms underpinning parasite survival are being elucidated using new time series clustering techniques (Catta-Pretta et al., in preparation).This PhD project will synthesise these recent advances, seeking to prioritise potential treatments or vector control interventions. At its heart will be development and application of a rigorous statistical framework for disease transmission.The University of York hosts one of the world's largest concentrations of researchers into this neglected tropical disease. The supervisory team, Pitchford and Powell, have active research links within Leishmaniasis research at the University of York, and with the main authors of the papers referred to.Miller, E. et al. (2014). Quantifying the Contribution of Hosts with Different Parasite Concentrations to the Transmission of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Ethiopia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(10), e3288.Doehl, J., Pitchford, J. W. et al. (2017). Skin parasite landscape determines host infectiousness in visceral leishmaniasis. Nature Communications 8 (1).Serafim, T. et al. (2018). Sequential blood meals promote Leishmania replication and reverse metacyclogenesis augmenting vector infectivity. Nature Microbiology 4 (5).Catta-Pretta, C., Powell, B. et al. (in preparation).

内脏利什曼病是一种寄生虫感染，每年导致超过20000人死亡，主要发生在发展中国家。它涉及一种原生动物寄生虫，具有复杂的生命周期，涉及人类宿主和白蛉媒介。该疾病的成功传播依赖于一系列因素，并且众所周知难以预测（米勒等人，2015）。最近结合随机过程和统计图像分析的数学研究（Doehl等人，2017）已经表明，通过表征寄生虫异质性，可以确定关键的传播模式。描述媒介内寄生虫动态的新数据表明，生命阶段之间的非线性反馈导致传播和病理学的变异性（Serafim等人，2018）。支持寄生虫存活的遗传机制正在使用新的时间序列聚类技术来阐明（Catta-Pretta等人，该博士项目将综合这些最新进展，寻求优先考虑潜在的治疗或病媒控制干预措施。其核心将是制定和应用一个严格的疾病传播统计框架。约克大学是世界上研究这种被忽视的热带疾病的研究人员最集中的大学之一。监督小组Pitchford和Powell在约克大学的利什曼病研究中有着积极的研究联系，并与所提到的论文的主要作者有联系。等（2014）。量化不同寄生虫浓度的寄生虫对埃塞俄比亚内脏利什曼病传播的贡献。PLoS被忽视的热带病，8（10），e3288. Doehl，J.，Pitchford，J. W.等（2017）。内脏利什曼病中皮肤寄生虫景观决定宿主传染性。（1）第一章：第一节等（2018）。连续的血液餐促进利什曼原虫复制和逆转代谢循环增强载体感染性。自然微生物学4（5）.Catta-Pretta，C.，鲍威尔，B。等（在准备中）。