Dental Cast Titanium-Ceramic Bonding

金瓷修复体是现代口腔修复的重要组成部分，因为它联合收割机了金属的强度、韧性、精确性和边缘适应性与陶瓷的永久美学外观。 金属陶瓷修复体的总体临床生存率仍远高于全陶瓷系统的上级。 牙科金属陶瓷系统的发展反映了两个趋势：1）寻找昂贵贵金属合金的经济替代品，2）对生物相容性材料的需求增加。 由于钛提供低单位成本和生物相容性，其在口腔修复中的使用一直在增加。 由于其活性，熔融钛与包埋材料反应，在铸造钛表面上形成反应结构，这阻碍了钛-陶瓷的牢固结合。 完全去除该结构将牺牲铸件的精确配合，并且在临床上是不可接受的。 本研究的长期目标是改善铸造钛-陶瓷结合，并了解钛-陶瓷结合机制。 目的是通过最大限度地减少铸造钛表面反应结构的形成来改善钛-陶瓷结合，并确定各种因素如何有助于钛-陶瓷牢固结合。提出的研究的中心假设是，铸造钛-陶瓷的附着力将显着改善，通过最大限度地减少在铸造钛表面反应结构的形成。 该假设是根据支持性初步研究的结果制定的。 调查的基本原理是，表面反应结构可以最大限度地减少面涂层模式与氧化物，更稳定的钛氧化物在钛凝固附近的温度。 我们预期通过追求以下三个特定目标来测试中心假设并实现本申请的目标：1）确定改善铸造钛-陶瓷结合的最有效的表面涂层氧化物; 2）在模拟瓷烧制循环前后表征由氧化物表面涂层图案制备的铸造CP钛表面; 3）表征钛-陶瓷界面。 我们期望通过这项研究能够改善钛-陶瓷结合。 这些结果将为钛-陶瓷结合的基本机制提供重要的见解，并将用于钛铸造技术和改进的钛-陶瓷系统的未来发展。 这一发展将推动钛-陶瓷系统的发展，使其比目前的金属-陶瓷系统更具生物相容性和经济性，从而使公众受益。

Metal-ceramic restorations are an important component of modern oral reconstruction because they combine the strength, toughness, accuracy and marginal adaptation of metals with the permanent esthetic appearance of ceramics. The overall clinical survival rates for metal-ceramic restorations are still far superior to those of the all-ceramic systems. The evolution of dental metal-ceramic systems reflects two trends: 1) the search for economical alternatives to expensive noble metal alloys, and 2) the increased demand for biocompatible materials. Since titanium offers both low unit cost and biocompatibility, its use in prosthodontics has been increasing. Because of its active nature, melted titanium reacts with investment materials to form a reaction structure on the cast titanium surface, which prevents strong titanium-ceramic bonding. Complete removal of this structure will sacrifice the precise fit of the casting and is clinically unacceptable. The long- term goal of this study is to improve cast titanium-ceramic bonding and to understand titanium-ceramic bonding mechanisms. The objectives are to improve titanium-ceramic bonding by minimizing the formation of surface reaction structure on cast titanium, and to determine how various factors contribute to strong titanium- ceramic bonding. The central hypothesis of the proposed research is that cast titanium-ceramic adhesion will be significantly improved by minimizing the formation of the surface reaction structure on cast titanium. The hypothesis was formulated based on the results of supportive preliminary studies. The rationale underlying the investigation is that the surface reaction structure can be minimized by face-coating patterns with oxides that are more stable than titanium oxides at temperatures near titanium solidification. We anticipate testing the central hypothesis and achieving the objectives of this application by pursuing the following three Specific Aims: 1) to identify the most effective face-coating oxide that improves cast titanium-ceramic bonding; 2) to characterize cast CP titanium surfaces prepared from oxide face- coated patterns before and after the simulated porcelain firing cycles; and 3) to characterize the titanium-ceramic interfaces. It is our expectation that improved titanium-ceramic bonding will be achieved as a result of this study. The results will provide significant insight into the fundamental mechanisms of titanium- ceramic bonding and will be used for future development of titanium casting techniques and improved titanium-ceramic systems. This development will advance the titanium-ceramic systems that are more biocompatible and economical than current metal-ceramic systems, thereby benefitting the general public.