Tangible Changes in Intangible Cultural Heritage Preservation: Using experience-based co-design to inform cultural policy-making practice.

根据联合国教科文组织的说法，非物质文化遗产(ICH)的意义在于代代相传的诀窍和技能。手工艺者努力适应跨国公司和当地工业为大规模生产的商品带来的竞争(非物质文化遗产，教科文组织，2017)，而其他手工艺者则通过进口和销售仿制品以及原作来适应市场需求。这再加上政策限制，意味着这些社区往往既没有足够的资源通过适当的基础设施保护遗产，也没有足够的资源通过教育保护遗产(Mavrelli，2017)。在这项研究中，社会响应型设计作为由社会问题驱动的设计，以社会变革为主要目标(Gamman&Thorpe，2006)将被用来展望可持续的工艺未来。基于经验的协同设计(EBCD)是本研究项目提出的方法论方法。到目前为止，它只被用于医疗保健(EBCD，2018年)，并将在与手工艺遗产的文化领域相关的背景下使用。濒危手工艺品的持有者将被要求随着时间的推移相互拍摄制作手工艺品的过程，以获取默契，并与公务员、联合国教科文组织官员和其他社区成员分享该项目将带来的故事。然后，他们将被邀请参加共同设计讲习班，讨论、设计并最终确立共同目标，为非物质文化遗产的维护和发展提出切实的建议。这项研究将扩大现有EBCD方法在非物质文化遗产保护和社区复原力方面的使用，并将成为响应社会的设计方法的基础，该方法将作为社区参与的战略模式。最终成果将是一项更新的文化战略，使非物质文化遗产的价值在政府内部和濒危手工艺品社区更加明显。

According to UNESCO, the significance of Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) lies in the know-how and skills that are passed on from generation to generation. Craftspeople struggle to adjust to the competition that multinational corporations and local industries bring with mass produced goods (ICH, UNESCO, 2017) whilst other craftspeople adapt to market needs, by importing and selling craft imitations alongside originals. This coupled with policy limitations, means that often such communities do not have adequate resources either to conserve heritage via suitable infrastructures, or resources for preservation through education (Mavrelli, 2017). In this study, socially responsive design as design driven by social issues and with social change being its main objective, (Gamman & Thorpe, 2006) will be employed to envision sustainable craft futures. Experience-based co-design (EBCD) is the proposed methodological approach for this research project. It has only been used so far in the context of healthcare (EBCD, 2018) and will be employed in this context in relation to the cultural sphere of craft heritage. Bearers of endangered crafts will be asked to film each other over time making the crafts, to elicit tacit knowledge and to share stories with civil servants, UNESCO officials and other community members that the project will bring together. They will then be invited to participate in co-design workshops to discuss, design and eventually establish common goals, creating tangible proposals for the maintenance and evolution of ICH. The study will expand the use of the existing EBCD methodology in the contexts of ICH preservation and community resilience and will form the basis of a socially responsive design methodology which will act as a strategic model for community engagement. The final output will be an updated cultural strategy that makes the value of ICH more visible within government and in communities of endangered crafts.