Functional anatomy of cortical auditory disorders

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究旨在推进有关听觉皮层对与语音，音乐和语音感知有关的基本心理声学功能（例如频率辨别）的贡献的知识。这一结果可能为感觉性失语症、先天性听觉障碍及相关综合征的诊断和治疗提供新的方法。前瞻性，定量分析的知觉缺陷和病理解剖学的相关性将进行中风患者和颞叶切除术患者的听觉皮层和连接结构的病变。拟议的实验建立在心理声学，神经学和神经解剖学的先前工作。对照人群的研究也将提供一个机会，以估计正常成人之间的心理声学功能的差异。实验系列包括测量临界带宽，频率歧视，强度歧视，虚拟音高感知，不和谐检测，听觉启动，粗糙度检测，和频率模式的歧视。将使用多平面、多序列MRI分析卒中和颞叶切除的位置和体积。此外，术前PET将用于分析有同侧内侧颞叶病灶的复杂部分性癫痫患者的上级颞叶葡萄糖代谢低下。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research seeks to advance knowledge about the contribution of auditory cortex to basic psychoacoustic functions (e.g. frequency discrimination) in relation to speech, music, and voice perception. The results could lead to new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of sensory aphasia, congenital auditory disorders, and related syndromes. Prospective, quantitative analyses of perceptual deficits and pathoanatomical correlates will be undertaken in stroke patients and temporal lobectomy patients with lesions of auditory cortex and connected structures. The proposed experiments build on previous work in psychoacoustics, neurology, and neuroanatomy. Studies of control populations also will provide an opportunity to estimate the variance in psychoacoustic functions among normal adults. The experimental series includes measurements of critical bandwidth, frequency discrimination, intensity discrimination, virtual pitch perception, inharmonicity detection, auditory priming, roughness detection, and frequency pattern discrimination. The location and volume of strokes and temporal lobe excisions will be analyzed using multiplanar, multisequence MRI. In addition, pre-operative PET will be used to analyze glucose hypometabolism in the superior temporal lobe of complex partial seizure patients with ipsilateral medial temporal lobe foci.