Functional anatomy of cortical auditory disorders

描述(由申请人提供)：这项拟议的研究旨在促进有关听觉皮质对与言语、音乐和声音感知有关的基本心理声学功能(如频率辨别)的贡献的知识。这一结果可能为感觉性失语、先天性听力障碍和相关综合征的诊断和治疗提供新的方法。将对中风患者和伴有听觉皮质和连接结构损害的颞叶切除术患者进行知觉缺陷和病理解剖学相关性的前瞻性、定量分析。拟议的实验建立在心理声学、神经学和神经解剖学之前的工作基础上。对对照人群的研究也将提供一个机会来估计正常成年人的心理声学功能的差异。实验系列包括测量临界带宽、频率辨别、强度辨别、虚拟基音感知、不和谐检测、听觉启动、粗糙度检测和频率模式辨别。中风和颞叶切除的位置和体积将使用多平面、多序列MRI进行分析。此外，术前PET将用于分析伴有同侧内侧颞叶病灶的复杂部分性癫痫患者颞叶上叶的葡萄糖低代谢。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research seeks to advance knowledge about the contribution of auditory cortex to basic psychoacoustic functions (e.g. frequency discrimination) in relation to speech, music, and voice perception. The results could lead to new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of sensory aphasia, congenital auditory disorders, and related syndromes. Prospective, quantitative analyses of perceptual deficits and pathoanatomical correlates will be undertaken in stroke patients and temporal lobectomy patients with lesions of auditory cortex and connected structures. The proposed experiments build on previous work in psychoacoustics, neurology, and neuroanatomy. Studies of control populations also will provide an opportunity to estimate the variance in psychoacoustic functions among normal adults. The experimental series includes measurements of critical bandwidth, frequency discrimination, intensity discrimination, virtual pitch perception, inharmonicity detection, auditory priming, roughness detection, and frequency pattern discrimination. The location and volume of strokes and temporal lobe excisions will be analyzed using multiplanar, multisequence MRI. In addition, pre-operative PET will be used to analyze glucose hypometabolism in the superior temporal lobe of complex partial seizure patients with ipsilateral medial temporal lobe foci.