HIV Rapid Testing for Young Substance Users

针对年轻吸毒者的艾滋病毒快速检测

• 批准号: 6800402
• 负责人: DAVID L PUGATCH
• 金额: $ 7.35万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6800402
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; counseling; diagnosis service; field study; gender difference; health behavior; health care referral /consultation; health care service evaluation; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homeless; human subject; needle sharing; patient oriented research; questionnaires; residential care facility; satisfaction; sex behavior; substance abuse related behavior; substance abuse related disorder; western blottings; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is a request for an R03 award through the NIDA Small Grants Program to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of rapid testing for HIV among adolescent and young adult substance users 16-25 years of age. Dr. Pugatch, the principal investigator, is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine at the Brown Medical School. He is currently in his final year of a NIDA mentored career development award. Young substance users ages 16-25 are at high-risk for HIV disease due to both needle sharing and sharing of "works" associated with injection drug use, and risky sexual behaviors. Two populations of adolescents with high rates of active substance use are proposed for this study: 1) adolescents at an in-patient, short-term drug treatment facility and 2) homeless youth engaged in social services. The investigators have considerable experience conducting adolescent HIV testing research in adolescents with drug abuse. Follow-up for HIV test results is a problem nationwide, and new technology now makes it possible to do rapid HIV testing and make immediate results available. OraQuick(r) is a new rapid HIV test approved by the FDA and can easily be administered outside of a clinical setting. Rapid tests have not yet been field tested in at-risk adolescent populations. Three hundred youth between the ages 16-25 will complete a brief face-to-face risk assessment. The study will be conducted in two settings, one being a short-term inpatient drug treatment facility and the other a community outreach program for the homeless (75 males and 75 females of the same age group at each site). After completion of the questionnaire, participants will be offered the rapid finger-stick HIV test using OraQuick(r). A standard protocol will be used for HIV pre- and post-test counseling. Results will be delivered within one hour. Participants who test positive will be given a preliminary positive result, will be re-tested by confirmatory Western Blot, and immediately linked to medical care. Acceptability of rapid testing, reasons for refusal, satisfaction with the rapid counseling and testing protocol and proportion of testers who receive results will be analyzed by site, by gender at each site, and by the acuity of the participants' risk. These results will provide preliminary data for a future randomized trial to compare same-day rapid testing versus standard testing with one week follow-up for testing acceptance, receiving results, and risk reduction.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是通过 NIDA 小额赠款计划申请 R03 奖项，以评估 16-25 岁青少年和年轻成人药物使用者中艾滋病毒快速检测的可接受性和可行性。 首席研究员 Pugatch 博士是布朗医学院儿科和医学助理教授。 他目前正处于 NIDA 指导的职业发展奖的最后一年。 由于共用针头和分享与注射吸毒相关的“工作”以及危险的性行为，16-25 岁的年轻吸毒者面临艾滋病毒感染的高风险。 本研究建议使用活性物质使用率高的两个青少年群体：1）住院短期戒毒治疗机构的青少年和 2）从事社会服务的无家可归青少年。 研究人员在对吸毒青少年进行青少年艾滋病毒检测研究方面拥有丰富的经验。 HIV检测结果的跟进是全国范围内的一个问题，现在新技术使得快速进行HIV检测并立即提供结果成为可能。 OraQuick(r) 是 FDA 批准的一种新型快速 HIV 检测，可以在临床环境之外轻松进行。 快速检测尚未在高危青少年人群中进行现场测试。 三百名年龄在 16 至 25 岁之间的青少年将完成简短的面对面风险评估。 该研究将在两种环境中进行，一种是短期住院药物治疗机构，另一种是针对无家可归者的社区外展计划（每个地点有 75 名同年龄段的男性和 75 名女性）。 完成问卷后，参与者将使用 OraQuick(r) 进行快速指尖穿刺 HIV 检测。 标准方案将用于艾滋病毒检测前和检测后咨询。 结果将在一小时内给出。 测试呈阳性的参与者将获得初步阳性结果，将通过确认性蛋白质印迹重新进行测试，并立即与医疗护理联系起来。 快速检测的可接受性、拒绝的原因、对快速咨询和检测方案的满意度以及收到结果的检测人员的比例将按地点、每个地点的性别以及参与者风险的敏锐度进行分析。 这些结果将为未来的随机试验提供初步数据，以比较当天的快速测试与标准测试以及一周随访的测试接受度、接收结果和风险降低。