HIV Rapid Testing for Young Substance Users

针对年轻吸毒者的艾滋病毒快速检测

• 批准号: 6695393
• 负责人: DAVID L PUGATCH
• 金额: $ 7.33万
• 依托单位: MIRIAM HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6695393
• 关键词: AIDS /HIV test; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; counseling; diagnosis service; field study; gender difference; health behavior; health care referral /consultation; health care service evaluation; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homeless; human subject; needle sharing; patient oriented research; questionnaires; residential care facility; satisfaction; sex behavior; substance abuse related behavior; substance abuse related disorder; western blottings; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is a request for an R03 award through the NIDA Small Grants Program to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of rapid testing for HIV among adolescent and young adult substance users 16-25 years of age. Dr. Pugatch, the principal investigator, is an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine at the Brown Medical School. He is currently in his final year of a NIDA mentored career development award. Young substance users ages 16-25 are at high-risk for HIV disease due to both needle sharing and sharing of "works" associated with injection drug use, and risky sexual behaviors. Two populations of adolescents with high rates of active substance use are proposed for this study: 1) adolescents at an in-patient, short-term drug treatment facility and 2) homeless youth engaged in social services. The investigators have considerable experience conducting adolescent HIV testing research in adolescents with drug abuse. Follow-up for HIV test results is a problem nationwide, and new technology now makes it possible to do rapid HIV testing and make immediate results available. OraQuick(r) is a new rapid HIV test approved by the FDA and can easily be administered outside of a clinical setting. Rapid tests have not yet been field tested in at-risk adolescent populations. Three hundred youth between the ages 16-25 will complete a brief face-to-face risk assessment. The study will be conducted in two settings, one being a short-term inpatient drug treatment facility and the other a community outreach program for the homeless (75 males and 75 females of the same age group at each site). After completion of the questionnaire, participants will be offered the rapid finger-stick HIV test using OraQuick(r). A standard protocol will be used for HIV pre- and post-test counseling. Results will be delivered within one hour. Participants who test positive will be given a preliminary positive result, will be re-tested by confirmatory Western Blot, and immediately linked to medical care. Acceptability of rapid testing, reasons for refusal, satisfaction with the rapid counseling and testing protocol and proportion of testers who receive results will be analyzed by site, by gender at each site, and by the acuity of the participants' risk. These results will provide preliminary data for a future randomized trial to compare same-day rapid testing versus standard testing with one week follow-up for testing acceptance, receiving results, and risk reduction.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是通过NIDA小额赠款计划申请R 03奖，以评估16-25岁青少年和年轻成人物质使用者中艾滋病毒快速检测的可接受性和可行性。 Pugatch博士，主要研究者，是布朗医学院儿科和医学助理教授。 他目前是在他的NIDA指导职业发展奖的最后一年。 16-25岁的年轻吸毒者由于共用针头和共用与注射吸毒有关的“工作”以及危险的性行为，感染艾滋病毒的风险很高。 本研究提出了两个具有高活性物质使用率的青少年人群：1）住院、短期药物治疗机构的青少年和2）从事社会服务的无家可归的青少年。 研究人员在对吸毒青少年进行青少年艾滋病毒检测研究方面具有相当丰富的经验。 艾滋病毒检测结果的后续行动在全国范围内都是一个问题，新技术现在使人们有可能进行快速艾滋病毒检测并立即提供结果。 OraQuick（r）是FDA批准的一种新的快速HIV测试，可以在临床环境之外轻松管理。 快速检测尚未在高危青少年人群中进行现场测试。 300名年龄在16-25岁之间的年轻人将完成简短的面对面风险评估。 该研究将在两个环境中进行，一个是短期住院药物治疗机构，另一个是无家可归者的社区外展计划（每个研究中心75名男性和75名女性，年龄相同）。 完成问卷调查后，将使用OraQuick（r）为参与者提供快速手指针刺HIV检测。 艾滋病毒检测前和检测后咨询将采用标准方案。 结果将在一小时内交付。 检测呈阳性的参与者将获得初步阳性结果，将通过确证性蛋白质印迹法进行重新检测，并立即与医疗护理联系起来。 快速检测的可接受性、拒绝原因、对快速咨询和检测方案的满意度以及收到结果的检测者比例将按研究中心、每个研究中心的性别和受试者风险的严重程度进行分析。 这些结果将为未来的随机试验提供初步数据，以比较当天快速检测与标准检测，并进行一周的随访，以了解检测验收、接收结果和降低风险。