INTERVENTIONS TO INCREASE ADOLESCENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

青春期女孩，特别是非洲裔美国女孩，采取久坐不动的生活方式的风险增加，增加了她们患心血管疾病的可能性。 有几个学校为基础的体育活动干预青少年，即使这是一个时间，他们的身体活动水平急剧下降。 对干预措施有效性的长期跟踪几乎不存在。 拟议的项目是一项随机对照试验，以生活技能为导向，在体育（PE）课与标准PE期间进行全面的有氧体育活动干预（CAP），以增加主要是非洲裔美国少女的体育活动和心肺功能。 将评估干预有效性的长期随访超过2年半。 干预将在两个学期内进行，并将行为技能培训，包括强大的概括和复发预防培训组成部分，纳入以有氧运动为重点的体育课。 干预措施的一个独特特点是家庭支助部分，通过家长支助培训课程和向家庭成员邮寄支助提示和提醒来运作。 随访措施将评估至11年级（超过2年半），以确定干预措施对体力活动水平、心肺功能和其他选定的心血管风险因素的长期有效性。 就读于马里兰州巴尔的摩一所全女子公立高中的九年级女生（连续3年3个队列; n=300）将被随机分配至CAP或标准PE。 体力活动水平将通过7天体力活动回忆和50%随机子样本中的客观心率/运动传感器监测来确定。将通过次极量台阶试验估计呼吸适应性。 还将确定选定的心血管风险因素（血压、身体成分、血脂）。 将在随机化后5、11、14和30个月进行随访评估，提供与标准PE相比的体力活动水平和心肺功能的长期评估。 该项目将确定在学校环境中提供的综合干预措施是否有能力降低青春期女孩身体活动减少的速度。

Adolescent girls, particularly African American girls, are at increased risk of adopting a sedentary lifestyle, increasing their likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases. There have been few school-based physical activity interventions for adolescents, even though this is a time in which their physical activity levels dramatically decline. Long-term follow-up of intervention effectiveness is virtually non-existent. The proposed project is a randomized, controlled trial of a life skills-oriented, comprehensive aerobic physical activity intervention (CAP) conducted during physical education (PE) class versus standard PE to increase physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in predominantly African American adolescent girls. Long-term follow-up of intervention effectiveness over 2 1/2 years will be assessed. The intervention will be conducted over two semesters and will incorporate behavioral skills training, including strong generalization and relapse prevention training components, into a PE class that focuses on aerobic exercise. A unique feature of the intervention is a family support component operationalized by a parent support training session and mail-delivered support tips and reminders to family members. Follow-up measures will be assessed through 11th grade (over 2 1/2 years) to determine long- term effectiveness of the interventions on physical activity level, cardiorespiratory fitness, and other selected cardiovascular risk factors. Ninth grade girls (3 cohorts in 3 successive years; n=300) attending an all-girls public high school in Baltimore, MD will be randomly assigned to the CAP or to standard PE. Physical activity level will be determined by the 7-day physical activity recall and by objective heart rate/motion sensor monitoring in a 50 percent random subsample. Cardiorespiratory fitness will be estimated from a submaximal step test. Selected cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, body composition, lipids) will also be determined. Follow-up will be assessed at 5, 11, 14, and 30 months post-randomization, providing long-term assessment of physical activity level and cardiorespiratory fitness compared with standard PE. This project will determine the ability of comprehensive interventions delivered in a school setting to reduce the rate of decline in physical activity typically observed in adolescent girls.