Moving Platform Deployment of MEMS Accelerometers for Gravitational Gradiometry

用于重力梯度测量的 MEMS 加速度计移动平台部署

• 批准号: 2293042
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2293042
• 关键词: Moving; Platform; Deployment; MEMS; Accelerometers

Measurements of high frequency seismic activity using modern accelerometers can now detect motions of the Earth to the seismic noise-limit, defined by the New Low Noise Model. With this limit reached, research has aimed at deployments in harsher environments, cheaper deployments and more compact designs. One successful route to achieve this has been MEMS-based devices.One important scientic endeavour which requires a combination of all three of these specications was a deployment not to measure earthquakes,but instead marsquakes with NASA's InSight mission. This was achieved using a micro-machined single wafer silicon accelerometer, developed at Imperial College. The short-period, or SP, accelerometer was designed to be small and light, with a radius equivalent to a pound coin. It was demonstrated to withstand a 1200g 10 ms half sine shock, as well as temperatures between -80C and +60C.The goal of this project is therefore to develop a drone-based platform which can remotely detect voids and / or large variations in density beneath the Earth using the previously developed SP accelerometer. One proposed application is to not mount the accelerometer(s) onto a fixed body (e.g. a planet) but instead to deploy onto a moving body (e.g. a drone). However, during the deployment of drones, the following challenges can be encountered:1. Rejection of Drone Dynamics2. Real-Time Scale Factor Matching3. Mis-alignment Noise Injection4. Other Noise SourcesThe key aim of this project is, therefore, to develop analogue circuitry and analysis code to compensate for those challenges and allow detection of subterranean voids from a drone-based platform. An initial demonstration of the success of individual components via simulation and post-processing will allow the viability of the full system to bedemonstrated. Once a full prototype has been developed, a demonstration of the sensors detecting the gravitational signal of a stationary mass in anon-inertial frame of reference (e.g. undergoing translational and rotational accelerations in 6 effective dimensions) will be performed as a proof of concept. This will demonstrate the systems ability to consistently measure nano-g signals in real-time under favourable conditions, such as no wind.

使用现代加速度计测量高频地震活动，现在可以检测到地球的运动到地震噪声极限，由新的低噪声模型定义。随着这一限制的达到，研究的目标是在更恶劣的环境中部署，更便宜的部署和更紧凑的设计。实现这一目标的一个成功途径是基于MEMS的设备。一个重要的科学努力需要结合所有这三个规格是部署不测量地震，而是与美国宇航局的洞察力使命marsquakes。这是通过使用帝国理工学院开发的微加工单晶片硅加速度计实现的。短周期（SP）加速度计被设计得又小又轻，半径相当于一枚磅硬币。它被证明可以承受1200 g 10 ms的半正弦冲击，以及-80 C和+60 C之间的温度。因此，该项目的目标是开发一个基于无人机的平台，该平台可以使用先前开发的SP加速度计远程检测地球下面的空隙和/或密度的大变化。一个提出的应用是不将加速度计安装到固定体（例如，行星）上，而是部署到移动体（例如，无人机）上。然而，在部署无人机的过程中，可能会遇到以下挑战：1。拒绝Drone Dynamics 2。实时比例因子匹配3.失准噪声注入4.因此，该项目的主要目标是开发模拟电路和分析代码，以弥补这些挑战，并允许从基于无人机的平台检测地下空隙。通过模拟和后处理初步证明单个组件的成功将使整个系统的可行性得到证明。一旦开发出完整的原型，将演示传感器在非惯性参考系中检测静止质量的重力信号（例如，在6个有效维度上经历平移和旋转加速度），作为概念验证。这将证明该系统在有利条件下（如无风）持续实时测量纳g信号的能力。