Variability in circulation and exchange in a sub-Atlantic island fjord

南格鲁吉亚岛位于南极绕极流路径上的斯科舍海的北方边界。周围的大陆架被连接南格鲁吉亚峡湾和大陆架边缘的深峡谷穿过。岛上发现的许多冰川都终止于这些峡湾的顶端。卫星图像显示，富含铁的冰川粉羽从峡湾延伸到大陆架上[1]，导致了广泛的浮游植物大量繁殖，并导致了岛屿北部大气碳的强烈下降。岛屿峡湾也是许多鱼类的重要产卵区，包括商业捕捞的鲭鱼。然而，对南格鲁吉亚峡湾沃茨的环流以及影响其与大陆架和更广阔海洋交换的过程知之甚少。此外，南格鲁吉亚地区正在经历迅速的环境变化。南格鲁吉亚附近的近地表沃茨在1925年至2006年之间的冬季温度上升了约2.3摄氏度[2]，岛上的大多数冰川都在退缩[3]。这个项目旨在提高我们目前的理解峡湾流通和货架交换在南格鲁吉亚，并考虑正在进行的环境变化的潜在影响。

The sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia lies at the northern boundary of the Scotia Sea in the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The surrounding shelf is traversed by deep canyons that connect the fjords of South Georgia with the shelf edge. Many of the glaciers found on the island terminate at the head of these fjords. Satellite images show iron-rich glacial flour plumes extending onto the shelf from the fjords [1], contributing to the extensive phytoplankton blooms and associated region of strong atmospheric carbon drawdown to the north of the island. The island fjords are also important spawning areas for many fish species, including the commercially-fished Mackerel icefish.However, the circulation of South Georgia's fjord waters, and processes impacting their exchange with the shelf and wider ocean, are poorly understood. In addition, the South Georgia region is undergoing rapid environmental change. Near-surface waters near South Georgia have seen a rise in wintertime temperatures of ~2.3degree C between 1925 and 2006 [2], and the majority of glaciers on the island are in retreat [3]. This project aims to improve our current understanding of fjord circulation and shelf-exchange at South Georgia, and consider the potential impacts of ongoing environmental change.