PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BEHAVIOR

身体活动和行为

• 批准号: 6868578
• 负责人: PHILIP R NADER
• 金额: $ 9.17万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-05-10 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6868578
• 关键词: academic achievement; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; body physical characteristic; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; health behavior; human subject; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); nutrition related tag; overeating; psychometrics; psychosocial separation; social model; social psychology; socioenvironment

The NICHD Study proposes to extend the data collection on approximately 1000 children, ages 8-11, thereby offering an opportunity to expand the study to examine the impact of environmental determinants on selected aspects of middle childhood development. This proposal adds a dimension of a health behavior (physical activity) to the battery of social, emotional, cognitive, linguistic, and health development variables studied over their first seven years of life. Studies of the relationships between psychosocial and educational development, and the development of a health-related behavior are rare if not nonexistent in the literature. The NICHD Study of Early Child Care, when extended to the middle school years, provides an opportunity to simultaneously study the environmental and contextual influences on psychosocial and academic development as well as the determinants of physical activity behaviors. The specific aims of the research are: 1) to determine the antecedents of physical activity in a longitudinal sample of 8- to 11-year-old children; and, 2) to assess relationships between physical activity and other measures of psychosocial, cognitive, and academic development. A proposed measure, BEACHES (Behaviors of Eating and Activity for Children's Health Evaluation System) has been validated as an observation tool. It can be used, within a theoretical framework (social cognitive theory), to examine home and school determinants of physical activity. The detailed analysis of the contextual environment, interactions (prompts and consequences), as well as the interactors' age, gender, ethnicity, and relationships will provide data not available in this age group. The instrument could also be modified to observe behaviors and interactions relevant to a final protocol decided upon by the NICHD Study of Early Child Care Investigators. The results may yield important associations with other key developmental tracking areas related to emotional and physical health. The study is unique because psychosocial and health behavior developmental strands have not previously been woven together in any prospective study of development.

NICHD的研究建议扩大对大约1000名8-11岁儿童的数据收集，从而提供一个机会来扩大这项研究，以审查环境决定因素对儿童中期发展的某些方面的影响。这项建议将健康行为(体力活动)的一个维度添加到在他们生命的头七年中研究的社会、情感、认知、语言和健康发展变量的电池中。关于心理社会和教育发展之间的关系，以及与健康有关的行为的发展的研究，在文献中即使不存在，也很少。NICHD的早期儿童保育研究，当扩展到中学阶段时，提供了一个机会，同时研究环境和背景对心理社会和学术发展的影响以及身体活动行为的决定因素。这项研究的具体目的是：1)确定8至11岁儿童的纵向样本中体力活动的影响因素；2)评估体力活动与其他心理社会、认知和学业发展指标之间的关系。一项拟议的措施--海滩(儿童饮食和活动行为健康评估系统)已被验证为一种观察工具。它可以在一个理论框架内(社会认知理论)用来研究家庭和学校体育活动的决定因素。对背景环境、互动(提示和后果)以及参与者的年龄、性别、种族和关系的详细分析将提供这一年龄组无法获得的数据。该仪器还可以进行修改，以观察与NICHD早期儿童保育调查人员研究决定的最终方案相关的行为和相互作用。这一结果可能会与其他与情绪和身体健康相关的关键发育跟踪领域产生重要的关联。这项研究是独一无二的，因为心理社会和健康行为发展链以前没有在任何前瞻性的发展研究中被编织在一起。