Search for lepton non-universality in semileptonic charm decays and monitoring of the VELO

气味物理学是粒子物理学的一个分支，它利用精确度测试来识别与粒子物理标准模型的差异，从而阐明标准模型以外的物理学。其中一个领域是对轻子普适性等基本原理的测试，该原理规定，与轻子的耦合应该具有相同的强度，而不受它们的味道的影响。最近对含有底夸克的粒子的研究提示推动了这一领域的进一步研究。该项目的目标是根据大型强子对撞机LHCb实验获得的数据，首次对含有魅力夸克的粒子的轻子普适性进行高精度研究。关键的挑战之一是对结果的理论解释，这可以通过对同时包含底夸克和魅力夸克的粒子进行额外的控制措施来改进。这将通过两个目标来解决：-魅力粒子衰变中的轻子普适性测试-魅力粒子衰变和底部魅力粒子衰变的衰变特性的比较这些目标构成了一个无与伦比的大数据挑战，因为魅力衰变数据样本是此类分析中使用的最大样本。这需要仔细研究探测器的性能和有效利用模拟数据。此外，学生还将接受最先进的硅探测器系统的操作和分析方面的培训。这种探测器的工作涉及大量的照射，这改变了探测器的性能。对整个实验来说，密切监测和充分理解这一点是至关重要的。因此，该项目包含第三个目标：-开发和启用数据质量监测系统，以研究探测器的性能和辐射损害的影响。总的来说，该项目旨在提供广泛的技能教学，包括对碰撞数据和探测器性能的数据密集分析，以及在大型国际合作中以及在研讨会和会议上与国际专家进行各种沟通技能。

Flavour physics is a branch of particle physics that exploits precision tests to identify discrepancies with the Standard Model of particle physics and thereby to shed light on physics beyond the Standard Model. One such area are tests of fundamental principles such as lepton universality, which states that couplings to leptons should be of equal strength independent of their flavour. Recent hints from studies of particles containing bottom quarks motivate further research in this area. The project aim is to undertake first high-precision studies of lepton universality with particles containing charm quarks based on data taken by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. One of the key challenges is the theoretical interpretation of the results, which can be improved by additional control measurements with particles containing both bottom and charm quarks. This will be addressed with two objectives:- Test of lepton universality in charm particle decays- Comparison of decay properties of charm particle decays and bottom-charm particle decaysThese objectives form an unparalleled Big Data challenge as the charm decay data samples are the largest to have ever been used in such an analysis. This requires careful studies of the detector performance and efficient use of simulated data.In addition, the student will be trained in the operation and analysis of a state-of-the-art silicon detector system. The operation of this detector involves a large amount of irradiation, which changes the detector performance. It is vital to the whole experiment that this is monitored closely and fully understood. Therefore, the project contains a third objective:- Development and commissioning of a data quality monitoring system to study the detector performance and impact of radiation damage.Overall, this project aim to deliver a broad spectrum of teaching of skills, which include data intensive analyses of collision data and detector performance, but also a variety of communication skills both within large international collaborations and with international experts at workshops and conferences.