Processes of child risk in family and community contexts

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是了解家庭和社区逆境对儿童心理健康的潜在关联过程。提出了几个主要假设。首先，据预测，更大的逆境将与更大的并发和随后的适应不良的儿童，此外，邻里和家庭逆境探索作为潜在的影响儿童的调整添加剂以及调解（社区影响通过家庭）。第二，调解过程，逆境与精神病理学将被考虑。在依恋和情感安全理论的指导下，我们假设逆境通过培养儿童对家庭和邻里的负面内部表征来增加儿童对适应问题的脆弱性。第三，父母的沟通模式被认为是家庭和社区逆境影响的潜在缓冲。与社会化模型相一致，据预测，父母的解释，强调家庭凝聚力和应对效能将缓冲逆境的影响的儿童。为了验证所提出的假设，两个多方法，前瞻性纵向研究将完成两组儿童，他们的主要照顾者，和他们的老师。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this research is to understand the processes underlying associations among forms of family and community adversity on children's mental health. Several primary hypotheses are proposed. First, it is predicted that greater adversity will be associated with greater concurrent and subsequent maladjustment in children; furthermore, neighborhood and family adversity are explored as potentially impacting children's adjustment additively as well as mediationally (community impacting through the family). Second, the mediating processes by which adversity relates to psychopathology will be considered. Guided by theories of attachment and emotional security, it is hypothesized that adversity increases children's vulnerability to adjustment problems by fostering children's negative internal representations of the family and the neighborhood. Third, parental communication patterns are proposed as potential buffers of the impact of family and community adversity. Consistent with socialization models, it is predicted that parental explanations that emphasize family cohesion and coping efficacy will buffer children from the effects of adversity. To test the proposed hypotheses, two multimethod, prospective longitudinal studies will be completed with two groups of children, their primary caregivers, and their teachers.