Employability engagement and support provision and the labour market transitions of young people

苏格兰政府提出了各种就业能力倡议，旨在促进年轻人从学校到就业的过渡。这些与第三部门组织提供的就业能力支持同时存在。尽管最近在冠状病毒大流行之前在降低青年失业率方面取得了进展，但在维持转型方面仍然存在挑战，一些地区的青年失业率仍然很高，其中一些进展可能已被大流行的经济影响所抵消。尚不清楚苏格兰的多层次、多部门就业能力方案是否提供了补充支持，还是表现为不必要和/或无效的重复。也不清楚年轻人是如何选择和服务的，或者这些在他们为工作做准备的决定中是如何发挥作用的。需要更好地了解非正式/正式（就业能力）提供的多样性和相互作用，了解作为服务基础的就业能力的概念，以及年轻人自己如何体验各种各样的提供。通过对克拉克曼南郡年轻人参与就业服务的纵向定性案例研究，该项目将阐明这些问题。此外，这项研究将提供对该地区各种非正式/正式就业能力提供以及这些不同举措如何相互作用的理解。这项研究是与克拉克曼南郡第三部门界面合作进行的。本研究试图回答的问题有三个方面。首先，青年人可获得哪些类型的就业支持？其次，年轻人对就业能力支持的看法和经验如何影响他们围绕劳动力市场转型的决定？第三，年轻人对就业能力支持的看法和假设是否与政策假设一致，即什么能确保劳动力市场转型？这项研究将对克拉克曼南郡多达30名未就业、未受教育或未接受培训的年轻人进行纵向定性研究。预计年轻人的样本将包括上一年离开学校并从事过一个或多个就业服务的个人。每隔一年将进行两波半结构化访谈。此外，还将对来自地方当局、商业、教育、苏格兰政府和DWP的就业能力服务提供者和其他主要利益相关者进行访谈。深入的定性材料将有助于理解苏格兰新兴的多层次和多部门就业能力是如何由劳动力市场边缘的年轻人体验到的。此外，在一个特定领域绘制就业能力支助图将为提供者和政策行动者提供具体证据，说明这些服务的存在和相互作用，以及它们是否相互补充或重叠。对于地方提供者以及地方和国家政策制定者来说，这项研究将提供经验证据，说明在就业能力支持方面，什么是有效的，对谁有效。这项研究将有助于就政策参与者所持有的就业能力概念化进行学术辩论，以及这些概念如何与支持服务目标的年轻人所持有的概念化保持一致。研究结果将与合作伙伴和其他关键利益相关者分享和讨论。以支助提供者和政策行为者为对象的知识交流讲习班和简报将确保在学术界之外传播。

The Scottish Government has introduced a variety of employability initiatives intended to facilitate young people's transition from school to employment. These exist alongside employability supports from third sector organisations. Despite recent progress in lowering youth unemployment prior to the coronavirus pandemic, challenges remain in sustaining transitions with youth unemployment remaining high in some areas, and some of this progress may have been undone by the economic impacts of the pandemic. It is not clear whether Scotland's multi-layered, multi-sectoral employability offer provides complementary support or manifests as unnecessary and/or ineffective duplication. Nor is it clear how young people navigate options and services, or how these feature in the decisions they make around preparing for work. Better understanding is needed of the variety and interactions of informal/formal (employability) provision, of the conceptualisations of employability that underpin services and how the mosaic of provision is experienced by young people themselves. Through a longitudinal qualitative case study of young people's engagement with employability services in Clackmannanshire this project will cast light on these issues. Furthermore, this research will provide understanding of the variety of informal/formal employability provision in the area and how these different initiatives interact. The research is in collaboration with the Clackmannanshire Third Sector Interface. The questions this research seeks to answer are threefold. Firstly, what types of employability support are available to young people? Secondly, how are young people's decisions around labour market transitions affected by their views and experiences of employability support? Thirdly, do young people's views and assumptions about employability supports align with policy presumptions about what works in securing labour market transitions? This research will produce a longitudinal qualitative study of up to 30 young people in Clackmannanshire who are not in employment, education or training. It is anticipated the sample of young people will comprise individuals who have left school the previous year and who have engaged with one or more employability services. Two waves of semi-structured interviews will be conducted at an interval of one year. Additional interviews with providers of employability services and other key stakeholders from the local authority, business, education, Scottish Government and DWP will also be conducted. In-depth qualitative material will add to understanding of how Scotland's emergent multi-layered and multi-sectoral employability provision is experienced by young people at the edges of the labour market. Furthermore, the mapping of employability supports in one specific area will provide concrete evidence for providers and policy actors of the presence and interaction of these services and whether they complement or overlap each other. For local providers and local and national policy makers, this research will provide empirical evidence of what works and for whom in relation to employability support. The research will contribute to academic debates on conceptualisations of employability held by policy actors, and how these align with the conceptualisations held by the young people the support services target. Findings of the research will be shared and discussed with the collaborating partner and other key stakeholders. A knowledge exchange workshop and briefing papers aimed at support providers and policy actors will ensure dissemination outside the academic community.