(Mis)navigating Island Topoi: The Island as Site of Speculation, Invention, and Experimentation

（错误）航行托普伊岛：该岛是推测、发明和实验的场所

• 批准号: 2401742
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2401742
• 关键词: Mis; navigating; Island; Topoi; Site

Islands have played complex and distinctive roles in the history of western thought. Defined by their conditions of isolation, they have been repeatedly thought of as places of encounter with otherness. Islands of this sort are not intentionally found, but discovered through misnavigation (Utopia) or shipwreck (Prospero's island). Historically the island emerges as the site of speculation, invention, and experimentation, and from this arise specific island topoi. This PhD by Design explores these topoi through a sequence of works that critically engage with their cultural and material histories, from Swift's Laputa to Kafka's Penal Colony to Bikini Atoll, and beyond. There is a longstanding tradition of islands as loci of imagination, inquiry and critique from Homer's Odyssey (3000 years ago), Cristoforo Buondelmonti's Isolario (1418), Thomas Moore's Utopia (1516), William Shakespeare's The Tempest (1611), Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels (1726) to Franz Kafka's In the Penal Colony (1919). While these seminal works demonstrate the pull of islands and their recurrence in literature, they also forecast the emergence of islands as topoi of modernity; spaces of alterity and investigation. Whether they are utopian territories, sites of colonial discourse, or the allegorical critique of an existing political environment, we understand that isolation is the condition of all islands. All share characteristics and constraints imposed by their insularity, and therefore provide a 'closed' environment suitable for testing and knowledge development. The corpus of island scholarship is an expanding field of theoretical and conceptual inquiry that connects the social sciences, natural sciences and humanities. In Leviathan and the Air Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life, Shapin and Schaffer draw connections between the history of science and the history of political thought. Their text becomes a test site - to demonstrate the validity of experimental research and the intersection of different knowledge systems. Islands, like the petri dish, provide 'safe' enclosures to cultivate isolated cells of thought; from Darwin's evolutionary studies on the Galapagos islands to the Baker nuclear test on Bikini Atoll. The PhD by Design will be moved by islands as sites of phenomena that enable a destructive reality, through an interdisciplinary and synthetic mode of work. Drawing across disciplines and thematic definitions the PhD by Design will identify and explore different types of island conditions, asking: in what ways has the figure or idea of the island supported forms of literary, artistic and scientific speculation, and how have these interacted? What distinct topoi (generic forms of island narratives or stories) can be identified and how do they historically transform? In what ways have island topoi been solicited in socio-political and environmental contestations and struggles? What is the future of island-thinking? This research will examine how creative practice works in relation to these histories; in what ways can the speculative powers of island-thinking be folded back into creative practice work and made effective through material and media? In what ways can the work most powerfully engage us experientially and meaningfully?

岛屿在西方思想史上扮演着复杂而独特的角色。根据他们与世隔绝的条件，他们一再被认为是与他者相遇的地方。这类岛屿不是故意发现的，而是通过误航(乌托邦)或沉船(普罗斯佩罗的岛屿)发现的。从历史上看，这个岛是投机、发明和实验的场所，并由此产生了特定的岛屿地形。这位设计学博士通过一系列批判性的作品来探索这些Topoi，这些作品涉及到他们的文化和物质历史，从斯威夫特的Laputa到卡夫卡的惩罚殖民地，到比基尼环礁等等。从荷马的《奥德赛》(3000年前)、克里斯托福罗·布恩德尔蒙蒂的《伊索里奥》(1418年)、托马斯·摩尔的《乌托邦》(1516年)、威廉·莎士比亚的《暴风雨》(1611年)、乔纳森·斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》(1726年)到弗兰兹·卡夫卡的《在刑罚殖民地》(1919年)，都有把岛屿作为想象、探究和批评的源泉的悠久传统。虽然这些开创性的作品展示了岛屿的吸引力及其在文学中的反复出现，但它们也预测了岛屿作为现代性的拓扑、交替空间和调查的出现。无论是乌托邦领土、殖民话语的场所，还是对现有政治环境的寓言批评，我们都明白，孤立是所有岛屿的状况。它们都有共同的特点和受其岛国限制的特点，因此提供了一个适合测试和知识开发的“封闭”环境。岛屿学术语料库是一个不断扩大的理论和概念研究领域，将社会科学、自然科学和人文科学联系起来。在《利维坦和空气泵：霍布斯、博伊尔和实验生活》一书中，夏平和谢弗将科学史和政治思想史联系起来。他们的文本成为了一个试验场--以证明实验研究的有效性和不同知识体系的交集。从达尔文对加拉帕戈斯群岛的进化论研究到比基尼环礁上的贝克核试验，岛屿就像培养培养孤立的思想细胞的培养皿一样，提供了“安全”的围栏。设计学博士学位将被岛屿作为现象的场所，通过跨学科和综合的工作模式，实现破坏性的现实。通过跨学科和主题定义，设计博士学位将识别和探索不同类型的岛屿条件，问题是：岛屿的形象或想法以什么方式支持了文学、艺术和科学推测的形式，以及这些相互作用如何？可以确定哪些不同的Topoi(岛屿叙事或故事的一般形式)，以及它们如何在历史上转变？在社会政治和环境方面的争论和斗争中，岛屿拓朴是以什么方式被索取的？孤岛思维的未来是什么？这项研究将考察创造性实践是如何与这些历史相关的；孤岛思维的思辨力量如何被折叠回创造性实践工作中，并通过材料和媒体使其有效？在哪些方面，这项工作可以最有力地让我们体验并有意义地参与其中？