Alternative Therapies for Alcohol and Drug Abuse

酒精和药物滥用的替代疗法

• 批准号: 6861518
• 负责人: DAVID Yue-Wei LEE
• 金额: $ 121.4万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6861518
• 关键词: Chinese; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; alcoholism /alcohol abuse therapy; alternative medicine; clinical research; drug abuse therapy; folk medicine; psychopharmacology; relapse /recurrence; substance abuse related disorder

Alcohol and drug abuse pose serious medical, social, and economic problems in the United States and around the world. Our objective is to establish an "Alternative Medicine Center for Alcohol and Drug Abuse" within the CERC program to enable researchers and clinicians to evaluate the efficacy of certain complementary and alternative medicine therapies and practices for the prevention of relapse and craving for alcohol and drugs, and to provide insight into the mechanisms of action. Addiction is characterized by compulsive use, tolerance, dependence, craving, and relapse. It is a complex process with physiological, behavioral, psychological, and social components, so treatment is usually multifaceted. There are two fundamental approaches: prevention of the onset of compulsive use, and prevention of relapse and the craving that leads to relapse. In the past, much medical attention has been directed at the symptoms of acute abstinence (detoxification), and these symptoms can be treated with available medications. However, relapse, which is often precipitated by withdrawal (stress and anxiety) and/or intense craving even after prolonged abstinence, poses a serious therapeutic challenge. Therefore, the central theme of this project is to evaluate the traditional Chinese herbal remedies YGT (NPI-025) and XJL (NPI-028) and a non-invasive HANS electrical acupuncture technique for prevention of relapse in animal and patients and to provide scientific support for determining mechanism of action of these alternative therapies. This program consists of four interactive Scientific Research Projects, each of which is necessary for successful completion of the whole. Project 1 will focus on the procurement, standardization, and fractionation of the two herbal remedies, and to conduct in vitro screening of Chinese herbal remedies and fractions for their affinity at the mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors, the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) receptor and D 1 and D2 dopamine receptors and for their receptor functions by [35S]GTPgammaS binding and adenylyl cyclase activity. Project 2 will evaluate the herbal remedies and fractions for prevention of alcohol/drug relapse in a sequential animal models. Project 3 will evaluate HANS method with low- and high-frequency electrical acupuncture for prevention of alcohol and drug abuse in animal and human. The sites of action in the brain induced by electrical acupuncture alone or in combination with herbal remedies will be monitored by f-MRI. In brief, acupuncture through transcutaneous electrical stimulation (HANS method) is a highly attractive alternative therapy for the treatment of drug abuse. It is a non-invasive and safe physical therapy, which allows the body to release its own natural chemicals to prevent drug relapse. Project 4 will be a clinical evaluation of the herbal remedies for prevention of alcohol/drug relapse. Administrative Core A, based at McLean Hospital (affiliated with Harvard Medical School) and assisted by an Extemal Scientific Board, will coordinate these scientific activities, provide statistical services, obtain local IRB approval, and ensure that the overall objective will be accomplished in the most effective manner.

酗酒和吸毒在美国和世界各地造成了严重的医疗、社会和经济问题。我们的目标是在CERC计划内建立“酒精和药物滥用替代医学中心”，使研究人员和临床医生能够评估某些辅助和替代医学疗法和实践在预防复发和对酒精和药物的渴求方面的有效性，并提供对 行动机制。上瘾的特征是强迫使用、容忍、依赖、渴望和复发。它是一个复杂的过程，包括生理、行为、心理和社会因素，因此治疗通常是多方面的。有两种基本的方法：预防强迫使用的开始，以及防止复发和导致复发的渴望。在过去，很多医学关注都集中在急性戒酒(戒毒)的症状上，这些症状可以用现有的药物来治疗。然而，复发往往是由戒断(压力和焦虑)和/或即使在长期禁欲后的强烈渴望引起的，这对治疗构成了严重的挑战。因此，本项目的中心主题是评价传统中草药YGT(NPI-025)和XJL(NPI-028)以及一种无创汉斯电针技术 预防动物和患者的复发，为确定这些替代疗法的作用机制提供科学支持。该计划由四个互动式科研项目组成，每个项目都是成功完成整个项目所必需的。项目1将集中于这两种草药的采购、标准化和分级，并进行中草药及其分部的体外筛选。 它们与U、β和kappa阿片受体、伤害素/孤儿FQ(N/OFQ)受体和D_1和D_2多巴胺受体的亲和力，以及通过[35S]GTP-GammaS结合和腺苷环化酶活性对其受体功能的影响。项目2将在一系列动物模型中评估用于预防酒精/药物复发的草药和提取物。项目3将评估汉斯方法与低频和高频电针在动物和人类中预防酒精和药物滥用的作用。电针单独或结合草药疗法在大脑中诱导的作用部位将通过f-MRI进行监测。总之，经皮电刺激针灸(Hans法)是治疗药物滥用的一种极具吸引力的替代疗法。它是一种无创、安全的 物理疗法，允许身体释放自己的天然化学物质，以防止药物复发。项目4将对预防酒精/药物复发的草药进行临床评估。总部设在麦克莱恩医院(隶属于哈佛医学院)并由外部科学委员会协助的行政核心A将协调这些科学活动，提供统计服务，获得当地IRB的批准，并确保以最有效的方式实现总体目标。