The role of the rumen microbiome in detoxifying forage mycotoxins and improving dairy cow health and welfare

瘤胃微生物组在饲料霉菌毒素解毒和改善奶牛健康和福利中的作用

• 批准号: 2432164
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Harper Adams University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432164
• 关键词: role; rumen; microbiome; detoxifying; forage

Grass silage is the main forage fed to ruminants in the UK, and under adverse forage growing conditions or aerobic contamination of clamps or bales at feed-out, fungal spoilage can be widespread. Under these conditions fungi can produce secondary compounds such as mycotoxins, which has been reported to occur in up to 90% of forage fed to cattle in temperate regions such as UK, Ireland and Northern Europe. When present in the diet of cattle, mycotoxins and biologically active breakdown products can negatively affect health, fertility and production, and in extreme cases lead to death. Moreover, there is a risk that mycotoxins can be passed into the human food chain via the milk or meat. The ability of the rumen microbiome to efficiently ferment forages is also dependent on a delicate balance of microbial species that can break down fibre and protein in the diet. An imbalance or shift in microbial population as a result of mycotoxin ingestion may reduce digestive efficiency and subsequently reduce health, milk performance and fertility.There is, however, a lack of knowledge on the conditions that lead to mycotoxin production in grass silage, and their subsequent effect on the rumen microbiome, dairy cow metabolism and health. Additionally, the negative effects of mycotoxins may be mitigated by the addition of binders to the diet, although there is a lack of research on their effectiveness in grass silage based dietsThis project will investigate the effect of mycotoxins in grass silage on the rumen microbiome, rumen metabolism and performance in dairy cows, and assess the efficacy of feed binders on mitigating their effects.

在英国，草青贮饲料是反刍动物的主要饲料，在不利的饲料生长条件下或饲料输出时夹子或捆包的有氧污染下，真菌腐败可能很普遍。在这些条件下，真菌可产生次级化合物，如真菌毒素，据报道，在英国、爱尔兰和北方等温带地区，高达90%的牛饲料中存在真菌毒素。当存在于牛的饮食中时，霉菌毒素和生物活性分解产物会对健康、生育力和生产产生负面影响，在极端情况下会导致死亡。此外，霉菌毒素可能通过牛奶或肉类进入人类食物链。瘤胃微生物组有效发酵饲料的能力也取决于微生物物种的微妙平衡，这些微生物物种可以分解饮食中的纤维和蛋白质。由于霉菌毒素摄入导致的微生物群的失衡或变化可能会降低消化效率，从而降低健康、产奶性能和生育能力。然而，人们对导致草青贮饲料中霉菌毒素产生的条件及其对瘤胃微生物组、奶牛代谢和健康的后续影响缺乏了解。此外，霉菌毒素的负面影响可以通过在日粮中添加粘合剂来减轻，尽管缺乏对其在基于草青贮的日粮中的有效性的研究本项目将研究草青贮中的霉菌毒素对瘤胃微生物组，瘤胃代谢和奶牛生产性能的影响，并评估饲料粘合剂在减轻其影响方面的功效。