Dental Composite Resins with Polymer Nanofibers

具有聚合物纳米纤维的牙科复合树脂

• 批准号: 6808564
• 负责人: Hao Fong
• 金额: $ 6.49万
• 依托单位: SOUTH DAKOTA SCHOOL OF MINES AND TECHN'Y
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2006-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6808564
• 关键词: biomaterial compatibility; biomaterial development /preparation; biomaterial evaluation; composite resins; dental material wear; dental materials; mechanical stress; nanomedicine; physical property; plastics; polymers; silicates

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Improving mechanical properties and reducing internal stresses (induced by polymerization shrinkage) have been among the major research efforts for polymeric dental restorative composites for decades. The recently fast developing technology of "electrospinning" and its novel product "polymer nanofibers", provide a potential solution to solve these problems. Polymer nanofibers, with diameters ranging from several nanometers to several hundred nanometers, can be made from a variety of polymer solutions or melts. In the process of electrospinning, the key phenomenon "bending instability" results in extremely large elongational flow rate of up to 1,000,000 s(-1). Such huge elongational flow rate can well align macromolecule chains as well as nanofillers (e.g., layered silicates) along the nanofiber axis; therefore, electrospun nanofibers can be extraordinary strong. The electrospun polymer nanofibers, typically collected as non-woven fabrics, can be soaked with and embedded into dental monomers (e.g., Bis-GMA/TEGDMA mixture). After polymerization, the composite resins are in the form similar to the interpenetration network (IPN). In this research, for the first time, the electrospun polymer nanofibers will be introduced to prepare dental materials. In particular, the use of strong nanofibers of Nylon 6 and/or Nylon 6/layered silicate nanocomposites (NLS) to improve the strength, and the use of elastomeric nanofibers of ethylene-propylene-diene elastomer (EPDM) to reduce the internal stresses, will be studied. Other objectives include (1) investigating the process of electrospinning to make nanofibers with desirable morphological and physical properties, (2) improving interfacial properties between the filler of nanofibers and the matrix resin, through both chemical modifications of the macromolecules and plasma surface treatment of the nanofibers, (3) evaluating hybrid embedding of Nylon 6, NLS and EPDM nanofibers to maximize strength, and to minimize internal stress, and (4) characterizing long-term mechanical and physical properties, such as wear, water aging and thermal cycling, for optimal composite resins with desirable properties (e.g. high strength and/or minimum internal stresses). This project will provide (1) the mechanisms of electrospun polymer nanofiber reinforcement and reduction of internal stress for dental resins; (2) guidelines on microstructural design and processing of nanofiber reinforced and/or toughened dental composite resins; and (3) a basis for the next generation of high performance composite resins for dental restorative (and potentially other biomedical) applications.

描述（由申请人提供）：几十年来，改善机械性能和降低内应力（由聚合收缩引起）一直是聚合物牙科修复复合材料的主要研究工作。近年来发展迅速的“静电纺丝”技术及其新产品“聚合物纳米纤维”，为解决这些问题提供了一个潜在的解决方案。聚合物纳米纤维的直径范围从几纳米到几百纳米，可以由各种聚合物溶液或熔体制成。在静电纺丝过程中，“弯曲不稳定性”这一关键现象导致了高达1，000，000 s（-1）的超大拉伸流速。这种巨大的拉伸流速可以很好地排列大分子链以及纳米填料（例如，沿着纵轴的层状硅酸盐）;因此，电纺纳米纤维可以非常坚固。通常作为非织造织物收集的电纺聚合物纳米纤维可以用牙科单体（例如，Bis-GMA/TEGDMA混合物）。聚合后，复合树脂呈类似互穿网络（IPN）的形式。本研究首次将电纺聚合物纳米纤维引入制备牙科材料。特别地，将研究使用尼龙6和/或尼龙6/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料（NLS）的强纳米纤维来提高强度，以及使用乙烯-丙烯-二烯弹性体（EPDM）的弹性体纳米纤维来降低内应力。其它目的包括（1）研究静电纺丝的方法以制备具有所需形态和物理性质的纳米纤维，（2）通过大分子的化学改性和纳米纤维的等离子体表面处理来改善纳米纤维的填料和基体树脂之间的界面性质，（3）评估尼龙6、NLS和EPDM纳米纤维的混合包埋以使强度最大化，和最小化内应力，和（4）表征长期机械和物理性能，例如磨损、水老化和热循环，以获得具有所需性能（例如高强度和/或最小内应力）的最佳复合树脂。该项目将提供（1）静电纺丝聚合物纤维增强和降低牙科树脂内应力的机制;（2）纤维增强和/或增韧牙科复合树脂的微观结构设计和加工指南;（3）下一代高性能复合树脂用于牙科修复（和潜在的其他生物医学）应用的基础。