Perceiving-the-present: a general theory of illusions

描述(由申请人提供)：“感知当前”是指视觉系统试图纠正视网膜到感知延迟的想法。Changizi已经证明了经典的几何错觉是这种视觉策略的结果，并在该建议中认为，同样的想法扩展到了二十多种其他类别的错觉，例如(A)大小对比度，(B)物体在具有高空间频率的部分视野中移动得更快，(C)空间频率越高的物体在亮度对比度中看起来更低，(D)运动对比度，(E)具有更大亮度对比度的物体看起来更大和更快，(F)高亮度对比度环境中的目标在亮度对比度中显得更低，(G)深度对比度，和(H)看得更深的物体看起来更大、更快。这项拟议的研究将使用两种选择的强迫选择和无效设计来测试这一假说做出的20多个预测，希望证实似乎是支配视觉感知的核心原则。这种由视觉系统计算的功能的阐明是非常有用的，因为如果不了解功能，一个人就无法理解大脑中执行这些功能的机制。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): "Perceiving-the-present" refers to the idea that the visual system attempts to correct for the retina-to-percept delay. Changizi has shown that the classical geometrical illusions are consequences of this strategy of vision, and argues in this proposal that the same idea extends to more than two dozen other classes of illusion, such as (a) size contrast, (b) objects appear to move faster in parts of the visual field with high spatial frequency, (c) greater spatial frequency objects appear lower in luminance contrast, (d) motion contrast, (e) objects with greater luminance contrast appear both larger and faster, (f) targets in high luminance contrast surrounds appear lower in luminance contrast, (g) depth contrast, and (h) objects viewed more foveally appear both larger and faster. The proposed research would use two-alternative forced choice and nulling designs to test the more than two dozen predictions made by this hypothesis, with the hope of confirming what appears to be a central principle governing visual perception. Such elucidation of the function computed by the visual system is of great use, for without understanding function, one cannot make sense of the mechanisms implementing those functions in the brain.