Perceiving-the-present: a general theory of illusions

感知当下：幻觉的一般理论

• 批准号: 6822609
• 负责人: MARK A CHANGIZI
• 金额: $ 5.75万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-12-01 至 2006-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6822609
• 关键词: clinical research; form /pattern perception; human subject; illusions; neural information processing; postdoctoral investigator; psychophysics; retina; vision; visual fields; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): "Perceiving-the-present" refers to the idea that the visual system attempts to correct for the retina-to-percept delay. Changizi has shown that the classical geometrical illusions are consequences of this strategy of vision, and argues in this proposal that the same idea extends to more than two dozen other classes of illusion, such as (a) size contrast, (b) objects appear to move faster in parts of the visual field with high spatial frequency, (c) greater spatial frequency objects appear lower in luminance contrast, (d) motion contrast, (e) objects with greater luminance contrast appear both larger and faster, (f) targets in high luminance contrast surrounds appear lower in luminance contrast, (g) depth contrast, and (h) objects viewed more foveally appear both larger and faster. The proposed research would use two-alternative forced choice and nulling designs to test the more than two dozen predictions made by this hypothesis, with the hope of confirming what appears to be a central principle governing visual perception. Such elucidation of the function computed by the visual system is of great use, for without understanding function, one cannot make sense of the mechanisms implementing those functions in the brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：“感知当下”是指视觉系统试图纠正视网膜到感知的延迟。Changizi已经证明了经典的几何错觉是这种视觉策略的结果，并在他的建议中认为，同样的想法可以扩展到二十多种其他类型的错觉，比如(a)大小对比，(b)物体在高空间频率的视野中移动得更快，(c)空间频率高的物体在亮度对比中显得更低，(d)运动对比，(e)亮度对比大的物体看起来更大更快，(f)高亮度对比环绕下的目标在亮度对比上显得较低，(g)深度对比上显得较低，(h)更中央的被观察对象显得更大更快。拟议的研究将使用两种选择的强迫选择和无效设计来测试这一假设所做出的二十多个预测，希望能确认似乎是控制视觉感知的核心原则。这种由视觉系统计算出来的功能的解释是非常有用的，因为不了解功能，就无法理解大脑中实现这些功能的机制。