Enhancing peatland resilience to wildfire through ecological and hydrological reclamation; building the evidence base.

通过生态和水文复垦，增强泥炭地抵御野火的能力；

• 批准号: 2433427
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2433427
• 关键词: Enhancing; peatland; resilience; wildfire; through

The recent Saddleworth Moor fire burned over 1000 hectares of UK upland, instigated a major national incident, led to the evacuation of 100 homes and placed considerable strain on UK emergency services, with even the army activated to support fire suppression. Such large-scale high-severity wildfires are projected to become more frequent across the UK as climate change results in enhanced meteorological extremes. The Saddleworth fire burned areas of globally significant carbon-rich peatlands that dominate large areas of UK upland landscapes. Despite the intensity of such fires, peatlands across the globe are resilient to wildfire. This is because their high moisture content protects the peat from extreme temperatures. Ecological and hydrological processes also support the recovery of the ecosystem post-fire. However, within the UK, peatland ecosystems have been exposed to a range of additional disturbances for centuries: atmospheric deposition, drainage, grazing, managed burns and historical wildfires. These disturbances can compound the impact of wildfire and leave peatlands vulnerable to intense fires. As such, there is a renewed need to restore degraded peatlands to increase their resilience to future extreme events. Despite this, the evidence-base to support the implementation of such restoration practises to enhance peatland resilience to wildfire is poor.The Saddleworth fire offers an exceptional opportunity to enhance this evidence-base. The PhD aims, i) to determine the impact of the intense wildfire on peatlands under different levels of degradation and ii) assess the extent to which restoration approaches protect peatlands from intense fires and enhance ecosystem stability. The PhD project will achieve this goal through close collaboration with key non-academic partners involved in the management and restoration of UK peatlands, characterising the recovery trajectories of degraded and restored peatland regions within the Saddleworth fire. Understanding the nature of wildfire impacts on UK peatlands needs a multidisciplinary approach requiring understanding of ecological, hydrological, biogeochemical and micrometeorological processes. We are looking for a motivated geography, environmental science or ecology graduate to take on this challenging project, working with government, NGO and private sector stakeholders to produce high quality science that will have real, applied impact beyond academia.

最近的萨德尔沃思摩尔大火烧毁了1000多公顷的英国高地，引发了一场重大的全国性事件，导致100户家庭撤离，并给英国紧急服务带来了相当大的压力，甚至军队也被动员起来支持灭火。由于气候变化导致极端气象条件增强，预计这种大规模高严重性野火在英国各地将变得更加频繁。萨德尔沃思大火烧毁了全球重要的富碳泥炭地，这些泥炭地主导着英国大面积的高地景观。尽管这种火灾的强度，整个地球仪泥炭地是适应野火。这是因为它们的高水分含量保护泥炭免受极端温度的影响。生态和水文过程也有助于火灾后生态系统的恢复。然而，在英国，泥炭地生态系统几个世纪以来一直受到一系列额外的干扰：大气沉积，排水，放牧，管理燃烧和历史野火。这些干扰会加剧野火的影响，使泥炭地容易受到强烈的火灾。因此，重新需要恢复退化的泥炭地，以提高其对未来极端事件的适应能力。尽管如此，证据基础，以支持这种恢复生态系统的实施，以提高泥炭地适应野火是穷人。萨德尔沃思火灾提供了一个特殊的机会，以加强这一证据基础。博士的目的是，i）确定强烈的野火对不同退化水平下的泥炭地的影响，ii）评估恢复方法保护泥炭地免受强烈火灾和增强生态系统稳定性的程度。博士项目将通过与参与英国泥炭地管理和恢复的主要非学术合作伙伴密切合作来实现这一目标，描述萨德尔沃思火灾中退化和恢复泥炭地地区的恢复轨迹。了解野火对英国泥炭地的影响的性质需要一个多学科的方法，需要了解生态，水文，地球化学和微气象过程。我们正在寻找一个积极的地理，环境科学或生态学毕业生来承担这个具有挑战性的项目，与政府，非政府组织和私营部门的利益相关者合作，以产生高质量的科学，将有真实的，应用学术界以外的影响。