A Selective Prevention Program for High School Seniors

描述(由申请人提供)：本申请的主要目的是测试创新的、选择性的药物滥用预防战略的可行性和有效性，使用针对不同物质的积极的职业和个人发展沟通，使用正在从高中过渡到职业和大学的年轻人。该项目的长期目标是减少大麻、香烟和酒精滥用以及过渡到成年的高危老年青少年中的问题，这些青少年在预防研究和服务中往往被忽视。该项目的第一阶段将涉及形成性研究，包括焦点小组、仪器验证调查、专家小组和预试点研究。这一阶段的研究旨在提高修改和扩大的结果工具、量身定做的青少年战略和家长沟通提示的实用性、有效性和吸引力，将大麻和吸烟信息以及现有的酒精饮料特定消费信息整合到积极信息职业和个人发展计划中。第二阶段将涉及两项研究。第一项是一项试验性研究，测试名为健康过渡项目(HTP)的经修改和扩大的预防干预措施的可行性。HTP干预将包括：1)健康过渡屏幕(HTS)；2)量身定做的一对一职业咨询，将成功的职业和生活决策与避免吸毒和酗酒联系起来；3)一套个人发展通讯，提供关于职业、大学和个人成功的重要决策所需的提示和资源，并嵌入避免吸毒的信息；以及4)一系列家长沟通明信片，提示父母和青少年就成功的职业选择进行沟通，包括保持健康的行为和避免高风险的健康习惯。第二项研究是一项纵向随机试验，考察了HTP干预对来自不同学校环境(市中心、农村和郊区)、正在过渡到工作或大学的高三学生的短期、中期和长期有效性，并与标准的普通职业意识和预防教育控制进行了比较。这项研究还将探讨预防性干预对大麻、香烟和酒精使用的影响是否通过不同的酒精饮料特定消费模式和药物使用风险/保护因素来调节。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary purpose of this application is to test the feasibility and efficacy of innovative, selective drug abuse prevention strategies using positive career and personal development communications for diverse substance using young people who are transitioning from high school into careers and college. The long-term objective of this project is to reduce marijuana, cigarette, and alcohol abuse and problems among high-risk older adolescents transitioning into adulthood who are often ignored in prevention research and services. The first phase of this project will involve formative research, including focus groups, instrument validation surveys, expert panels, and a pre-pilot study. This phase of research is aimed at enhancing the utility, validity and appeal of the modified and expanded outcome instrument, tailored adolescent strategies, and parent communication prompts integrating marijuana and cigarette smoking messages, along with existing alcoholic beverage specific consumption messages, into a positive-message career and personal development program. The second phase will involve two studies. The first is a pilot study testing the feasibility of the modified and expanded preventive intervention, titled the Healthy Transitions Project (HTP). The HTP intervention will consist of: 1) a Healthy Transitions Screen (HTS); 2) a tailored one-on-one Career Consultation with messages linking successful career and life decisions with avoiding drug and alcohol use; 3) a set of Personal Development Newsletters providing tips and resources needed in making important decisions regarding career, college, and personal success, with drug use avoidance messages embedded throughout; and 4) a series of Parent Communication Postcards prompting parent-adolescent communication regarding successful career choices, including maintaining healthy behaviors and avoiding high-risk health habits. The second study is a longitudinal randomized trial examining the short, medium and long-term efficacy of the HTP intervention among substance using high school seniors from diverse school settings (inner city, rural and suburban) who are transitioning into work or college, compared against a standard generic career awareness and prevention education control. This study will also examine whether the effects of the preventive intervention on marijuana, cigarettes and alcohol use were mediated by various alcoholic beverage specific consumption patterns and drug use risk/protective factors.