A Selective Prevention Program for High School Seniors

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的主要目的是测试创新的、选择性的药物滥用预防策略的可行性和有效性，这些策略使用积极的职业和个人发展沟通，针对正在从高中过渡到职业和大学的使用多种物质的年轻人。该项目的长期目标是减少大麻，香烟和酒精滥用以及在预防研究和服务中经常被忽视的高风险老年青少年过渡到成年人的问题。该项目的第一阶段将涉及形成性研究，包括重点小组、仪器验证调查、专家小组和试点前研究。这一阶段的研究旨在提高效用，有效性和吸引力的修改和扩展的结果工具，量身定制的青少年策略，和父母的沟通提示整合大麻和吸烟的信息，沿着与现有的酒精饮料具体消费的信息，到一个积极的信息的职业生涯和个人发展计划。第二阶段将进行两项研究。第一项是试点研究，测试修改和扩大预防干预的可行性，名为健康过渡项目（HTP）。HTP干预将包括：1）健康过渡筛选（HTS）; 2）量身定制的一对一职业咨询，将成功的职业和生活决定与避免使用毒品和酒精联系起来; 3）一套个人发展通讯，提供做出有关职业，大学和个人成功的重要决定所需的提示和资源，并将避免使用毒品的信息嵌入其中;（4）一系列家长沟通明信片，促进家长与青少年就成功的职业选择进行沟通，包括保持健康的行为和避免高危健康习惯。第二项研究是一项纵向随机试验，检查HTP干预在不同学校环境（内城，农村和郊区）的物质使用高中高年级学生中的短期，中期和长期疗效，这些学生正在过渡到工作或大学，与标准的通用职业意识和预防教育对照相比。本研究还将研究预防性干预对大麻，香烟和酒精使用的影响是否由各种酒精饮料特定的消费模式和药物使用风险/保护因素介导。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary purpose of this application is to test the feasibility and efficacy of innovative, selective drug abuse prevention strategies using positive career and personal development communications for diverse substance using young people who are transitioning from high school into careers and college. The long-term objective of this project is to reduce marijuana, cigarette, and alcohol abuse and problems among high-risk older adolescents transitioning into adulthood who are often ignored in prevention research and services. The first phase of this project will involve formative research, including focus groups, instrument validation surveys, expert panels, and a pre-pilot study. This phase of research is aimed at enhancing the utility, validity and appeal of the modified and expanded outcome instrument, tailored adolescent strategies, and parent communication prompts integrating marijuana and cigarette smoking messages, along with existing alcoholic beverage specific consumption messages, into a positive-message career and personal development program. The second phase will involve two studies. The first is a pilot study testing the feasibility of the modified and expanded preventive intervention, titled the Healthy Transitions Project (HTP). The HTP intervention will consist of: 1) a Healthy Transitions Screen (HTS); 2) a tailored one-on-one Career Consultation with messages linking successful career and life decisions with avoiding drug and alcohol use; 3) a set of Personal Development Newsletters providing tips and resources needed in making important decisions regarding career, college, and personal success, with drug use avoidance messages embedded throughout; and 4) a series of Parent Communication Postcards prompting parent-adolescent communication regarding successful career choices, including maintaining healthy behaviors and avoiding high-risk health habits. The second study is a longitudinal randomized trial examining the short, medium and long-term efficacy of the HTP intervention among substance using high school seniors from diverse school settings (inner city, rural and suburban) who are transitioning into work or college, compared against a standard generic career awareness and prevention education control. This study will also examine whether the effects of the preventive intervention on marijuana, cigarettes and alcohol use were mediated by various alcoholic beverage specific consumption patterns and drug use risk/protective factors.