ACTIVE FILTERING IN THE COCHLEA

耳蜗的主动过滤

• 批准号: 6765222
• 负责人: David C. Mountain
• 金额: $ 48.08万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6765222
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; auditory threshold shift; biological signal transduction; biomechanics; biophysics; cell motility; cochlea; cochlear microphonic potentials; computer simulation; ear hair cell; electrostimulus; fluid flow; gerbil /jird; guinea pigs; hearing; laboratory mouse; mathematical model; model design /development; organ of Corti; otoacoustic emission; physical model; sound frequency; stimulus /response; trauma; vibration

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent experimental evidence suggests that the outer hair cells (OHC) of the mammalian cochlea act as part of an electromechanical amplifier that increases hearing sensitivity one-hundred fold. The long term goal of the proposed research is to confirm this hypothesis and to clarify our understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The goals of this proposal are: to determine which properties of the organ of Corti are responsible for the cochlear frequency map, to establish how the OHCs amplify the traveling wave, to determine how the motion of the cochlear partition is coupled to IHC stereocilia motion, to establish how otoacoustic emissions relate to cochlear partition motion, and to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms of acoustic trauma. To achieve these goals we plan to develop quantitative anatomical models of the cochlea, to measure the mechanical impedance of the cellular and extracellular elements of the organ of Corti, to image the motion of the elements of the organ of Corti in response to electrical and mechanical stimulation in excised cochleas, and to conduct physiological experiments in live animals. The results of the proposed experiments together with previous experiments by ourselves and others will be interpreted with the aid of computational models. Two types of models will be used: micromechanical and macromechanical. The computational models will be as physically based as possible and will include specific descriptions of the mechanical properties of the organ of Corti, basilar membrane and tectorial membrane, hair cell mechanoelectric transduction and QHC motility, and inner hair cell physiology.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的实验证据表明，哺乳动物耳蜗的外毛细胞（OHC）作为机电放大器的一部分，从而提高了听力敏感性一百倍。拟议的研究的长期目标是确认这一假设并澄清我们对潜在机制的理解。 The goals of this proposal are: to determine which properties of the organ of Corti are responsible for the cochlear frequency map, to establish how the OHCs amplify the traveling wave, to determine how the motion of the cochlear partition is coupled to IHC stereocilia motion, to establish how otoacoustic emissions relate to cochlear partition motion, and to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms of acoustic trauma.为了实现这些目标，我们计划开发耳蜗的定量解剖模型，以测量Corti器官的细胞和细胞外元素的机械阻抗，以形象成像Corti器官元素的运动，以响应于摄取的熟练剂中的电气和机械刺激的机械刺激，并在活物质中进行生理学实验。提出的实验的结果以及我们自己和其他实验的结果将在计算模型的帮助下进行解释。将使用两种类型的模型：微力机械和宏观力学。计算模型将尽可能地基于身体，并包括对Corti，基底膜和Tectorial膜的机械性能的特定描述，毛细胞机械电性转导和QHC运动以及内部毛细胞生理学。