Motivating HIV Risk-Reduction

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是对PA的回应 “预防艾滋病传播的短期干预措施”（PA 95-070），并要求3 进行一项随机对照试验的年支持率 基于理论的电话传递简短的动机增强干预。 试点测试数据为这种干预的可行性提供了强有力的支持， 功效信息-动机-行为指导下的“性检查” 健康行为改变的技能（IMB）模型，是专门为男男性接触者量身定制的 由于不安全的性行为而处于艾滋病毒传播的高风险中， 既不主动改变，也不寻求降低风险的支持。三 将通过卫生部门招募16岁及以上五十六名男男性行为者 诊所，当地媒体和社区外展工作，并随机分配到 两次电话干预之一， 由当地公共卫生部的健康教育工作者进行。的 实验条件包括临床病史访谈和两个 随后的会议。辅导员利用动机性面试技巧 和认知行为咨询技术，以提高参与者的 准备改变，提供关于艾滋病毒和性病的准确信息，协助 制定目标，并制定降低风险的策略。的 控制条件，代表当前的护理标准，侧重于 提供艾滋病毒和性传播疾病教育。所有参与者将在一周内重新评估 在他们干预后，以及在4、7和13个月纪念日， 基线评估。如果实验证明是有效的， 干预措施有望实现《规划》中的两个目标 公告：（1）必须制定艾滋病毒预防方案， 他们可能不会主动寻求艾滋病毒预防计划来改变高风险 行为;（2）需要艾滋病毒预防干预措施， 在诊所和其他初级卫生保健设施实施。“后者 考虑到技术障碍， 迄今为止，艾滋病毒预防干预措施的转让已得到经验检验。这 干预措施，其交付方式，参与者招募程序， 以及为便利技术转让而拟制定的用户即用协议 都是为了满足供应商可能在决定 如果干预措施被证明是有效的，是否采取干预措施：（1） 干预将产生积极的公共卫生影响，（2）它将是 有效地接触到高风险个体，否则他们不太可能 （3）实施成本不会过高，（4） 实施干预的复杂性不会超出 现有的健康教育人员。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is in response to the PA "Brief Interventions to Prevent the Spread of AIDS" (PA 95-070) and requests 3 percent years of support to conduct a randomized controlled trial of a theory-based telephone-delivered brief motivational enhancement intervention. Pilot test data offer strong support for this intervention's feasibility and efficacy. "The Sex Check-Up," guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of health behavior change, is tailored specifically for MSM who are at high risk of HIV transmission due to unsafe sexual behaviors, but are neither self- initiating change nor seeking risk-reduction support. Three hundred fifty-six MSM, age 16 and older, will be recruited through health clinics, local media, and community outreach efforts, and randomly assigned to one of two telephone- delivered interventions, both of which will be delivered by health educators with the local Department of Public Health. The experimental condition is comprised of a clinical history interview and two subsequent sessions. The counselor utilizes motivational interviewing skills and cognitive-behavioral counseling techniques to enhance the participant's readiness for change, provide accurate information about HIV and STDs, assist with goal-setting, and strategize about ways of achieving risk-reduction. The control condition, representing a current standard of care, focuses on the delivery of HIV and STD education. All participants will be reassessed one week following their intervention and at the 4, 7, and 13-month anniversaries of their baseline assessment. If shown to be effective, the experimental intervention holds promise of being responsive to two objectives in the Program Announcement: (1) HIV prevention programs "must be developed to reach people who may not proactively seek HIV prevention programs to change high risk behavior;" and (2) HIV prevention interventions are needed "that can be implemented in clinics and other primary health care facilities." The latter objective is of particular importance given the obstacles to technology transfer of HIV-prevention interventions empirically tested thus far. This intervention, its mode of delivery, the procedures for participant recruitment, and the user-ready protocols to be developed to facilitate technology transfer are all intended to meet criteria that providers are likely to use in deciding whether to adopt the intervention if it is shown to be efficacious: (1) the intervention will have a positive public health impact, (2) it will be efficacious in reaching individuals at high risk who otherwise would not likely be reached, (3) the costs for its implementation will not be excessive, and (4) the complexity in delivering the intervention will not be beyond the capacity of existing health education staff.