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Motivating HIV Risk-Reduction

推动降低艾滋病毒风险

基本信息

批准号：
6896856
负责人：
ROGER Alan ROFFMAN
金额：
$ 23.35万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2002-06-01 至 2006-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is in response to the PA "Brief Interventions to Prevent the Spread of AIDS" (PA 95-070) and requests 3 percent years of support to conduct a randomized controlled trial of a theory-based telephone-delivered brief motivational enhancement intervention. Pilot test data offer strong support for this intervention's feasibility and efficacy. "The Sex Check-Up," guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model of health behavior change, is tailored specifically for MSM who are at high risk of HIV transmission due to unsafe sexual behaviors, but are neither self- initiating change nor seeking risk-reduction support. Three hundred fifty-six MSM, age 16 and older, will be recruited through health clinics, local media, and community outreach efforts, and randomly assigned to one of two telephone- delivered interventions, both of which will be delivered by health educators with the local Department of Public Health. The experimental condition is comprised of a clinical history interview and two subsequent sessions. The counselor utilizes motivational interviewing skills and cognitive-behavioral counseling techniques to enhance the participant's readiness for change, provide accurate information about HIV and STDs, assist with goal-setting, and strategize about ways of achieving risk-reduction. The control condition, representing a current standard of care, focuses on the delivery of HIV and STD education. All participants will be reassessed one week following their intervention and at the 4, 7, and 13-month anniversaries of their baseline assessment. If shown to be effective, the experimental intervention holds promise of being responsive to two objectives in the Program Announcement: (1) HIV prevention programs "must be developed to reach people who may not proactively seek HIV prevention programs to change high risk behavior;" and (2) HIV prevention interventions are needed "that can be implemented in clinics and other primary health care facilities." The latter objective is of particular importance given the obstacles to technology transfer of HIV-prevention interventions empirically tested thus far. This intervention, its mode of delivery, the procedures for participant recruitment, and the user-ready protocols to be developed to facilitate technology transfer are all intended to meet criteria that providers are likely to use in deciding whether to adopt the intervention if it is shown to be efficacious: (1) the intervention will have a positive public health impact, (2) it will be efficacious in reaching individuals at high risk who otherwise would not likely be reached, (3) the costs for its implementation will not be excessive, and (4) the complexity in delivering the intervention will not be beyond the capacity of existing health education staff.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请是对 PA 的回应 “预防艾滋病传播的简短干预措施”（PA 95-070）和要求 3 支持进行随机对照试验的百分比年基于理论的电话提供的简短的动机增强干预。中试数据为该干预措施的可行性提供了强有力的支持功效。以信息-动机-行为为指导的“性检查” 健康行为改变技能（IMB）模型，专为 MSM 量身定制由于不安全的性行为而处于艾滋病毒传播高风险的人，但是既不是自行发起变革，也不是寻求降低风险的支持。三将通过卫生部门招募 156 名 16 岁及以上的 MSM 诊所、当地媒体和社区外展工作，并随机分配给两次电话干预之一，均将进行由当地公共卫生部门的健康教育者负责。这实验条件包括临床病史访谈和两个随后的会议。辅导员运用动机性访谈技巧和认知行为咨询技术，以增强参与者的为变革做好准备，提供有关艾滋病毒和性病的准确信息，协助设定目标，并就实现降低风险的方法制定策略。这控制条件代表当前的护理标准，重点关注提供艾滋病毒和性病教育。所有参与者将在一周内接受重新评估在他们干预后以及 4、7 和 13 个月周年纪念日他们的基线评估。如果实验证明有效，干预有望响应该计划中的两个目标公告：（一）艾滋病预防项目“必须制定到惠及人民” 谁可能不会主动寻求艾滋病毒预防计划来改变高风险行为；”以及 (2) 需要采取艾滋病毒预防干预措施，“这可以在诊所和其他初级卫生保健机构实施。”后者鉴于技术障碍，目标尤为重要迄今为止，艾滋病毒预防干预措施的转移已经过实证检验。这干预措施、实施方式、参与者招募程序、以及为促进技术转让而开发的用户就绪协议都是为了满足提供商在决定时可能使用的标准如果干预措施被证明有效，是否采取干预措施：（1）干预将对公共卫生产生积极影响，(2) 能够有效地接触到高危人群，否则这些人就不可能接触到达到，（3）其实施成本不会过高，以及（4）提供干预的复杂性不会超出能力范围现有健康教育人员。