Multiple Behavior Change in Diet and Activity

饮食和活动的多种行为改变

• 批准号: 6826338
• 负责人: Bonnie Spring
• 金额: $ 71.92万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-20 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6826338
• 关键词: behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; cancer risk; cardiovascular disorder risk; clinical research; craving; diet; dietary lipid; exercise; fruit; health behavior; human subject; human therapy evaluation; lifestyle; nutrition related neoplasm /cancer; nutrition related tag; oral behavior; patient oriented research; questionnaires; vegetables

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High saturated fat diet, low fruit and vegetable (F/V) intake, and sedentary lifestyle characterize a majority of adult Americans, heightening risk for cardiovascular disease and cancers. Improved diet and activity can reduce risk, but the best prescription to promote healthier diet and more active lifestyle simultaneously remains unknown. By comparing 4 groups randomized to perform all combinations of increasing healthy versus decreasing unhealthy eating and activity, this research tests competing hypotheses about how to optimize simultaneous health behavior change. The Familiarity Hypothesis predicts that the most familiar dieting prescription (decrease fat, increase physical activity) will maximize healthy behavior change. The Optimal Substitution Hypothesis, based on Behavioral Economic Theory, predicts that increasing F/V intake while decreasing sedentary behavior will surpass alternatives by maximizing behavioral substitution of healthful for unhealthful eating and activity. The Low Inhibitory Demand Hypothesis, based on Self-Control Theory, predicts that increasing F/V's while increasing physical activity will be most successful because this prescription places fewest demands on self-control resources. Community-dwelling adults (n=200) with inactive lifestyle and suboptimal diet will self-monitor diet, physical activity, and mood via PDAs during: a 2- week baseline, a 3-week prescription period (when payment is contingent upon changing eating and activity simultaneously to targeted standards), and a 4-month maintenance period. Targeted and collateral diet and activity changes will be measured by self-report, accelerometer, and grocery receipts. Bogus pipeline urinary testing will encourage adherence. Laboratory testing will measure behavioral choices, craving, and attentional allocation to restricted foods and activities in a permissive context in order to shed light on behavioral and psychological processes that mediate healthy lifestyle change. Findings will help to fill an important gap in clinical knowledge about how to optimize healthy simultaneous change in diet and activity among adults.

描述(申请人提供)：高饱和脂肪饮食，低水果和蔬菜(F/V)摄入量，以及久坐不动的生活方式是大多数美国成年人的特征，增加了心血管疾病和癌症的风险。改善饮食和运动可以降低风险，但同时促进更健康的饮食和更活跃的生活方式的最佳处方仍然未知。通过比较4组随机进行的增加健康饮食和减少不健康饮食和活动的所有组合，这项研究检验了关于如何优化同时健康行为改变的相互竞争的假设。熟悉度假设预测，最熟悉的节食处方(减少脂肪，增加体力活动)将最大限度地改变健康的行为。基于行为经济学理论的最优替代假说预测，通过最大化健康的行为替代不健康的饮食和活动，在减少久坐行为的同时增加F/V摄入量将超过替代方案。基于自我控制理论的低抑制需求假说预测，在增加体力活动的同时增加F/V将是最成功的，因为这一处方对自我控制资源的需求最少。生活方式不活跃和饮食不理想的社区成年人(n=200)将通过PDA在以下期间自我监测饮食、体力活动和情绪：2周基线、3周处方期(付款取决于同时改变饮食和活动以达到目标标准)和4个月维持期。有针对性的和附带的饮食和活动变化将通过自我报告、加速计和杂货收据来衡量。虚假的管道尿检将鼓励遵守。实验室测试将在允许的情况下测量行为选择、渴望和对受限食物和活动的注意力分配，以揭示调节健康生活方式改变的行为和心理过程。这些发现将有助于填补临床知识中的一个重要空白，即如何优化成年人饮食和活动的同时健康变化。