Fundamental Interactions of Cells with Electromagnetic Fields

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Underpinning the function of any biosensor is the fundamental interaction that leads to the reporter signal of the sensor. The University is already using microwaves for the rapid release of target DNA from cells, and to study the fundamental interactions of microwaves with living cells. The project will aim to introduce electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy as an analytical tool to help us understand the mechanisms of these processes, via the excited species that they generate. We are in the unique position to be able to design and adapt EPR sensor heads to allow the simultaneous excitation and analysis of a variety of cells, including bacteria associated with common human diseases (e.g. TB). Uncovering these underlying mechanisms will allow further optimization of our biosensor in terms of sample preparation and detection. The project will involve: - Designing and implementing a protocol for simultaneous microwave excitation of biological cells and EPR detection - Identifying any excited species released by cells in response to microwave exposure, alluding to the mechanism at play - Investigating the effects of microwaves on bacterial cell wall/ membranes to reveal the mechanism underpinning DNA release