Rapid Diagnosis of Monkeypox and Smallpox Infections

猴痘和天花感染的快速诊断

• 批准号: 6988816
• 负责人: MARK K SLIFKA
• 金额: $ 49.94万
• 依托单位: NAJIT TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-15 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6988816
• 关键词: Poxviridae disease; bioterrorism /chemical warfare; clinical research; communicable disease diagnosis; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnostic tests; disease outbreaks; human subject; questionnaires; rapid diagnosis; reagent /indicator; serology /serodiagnosis; smallpox virus; vaccinia virus; virus antigen

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Smallpox and monkeypox represent two dangerous orthopoxviruses that can cause high morbidity and mortality - as well as widespread fear in unvaccinated populations. Although the last case of natural smallpox infection occurred in 1977, it was weaponized by the former Soviet Union and remains a significant concern due to the potential that stocks of this highly contagious virus could fall into the hands of terrorists or rogue nations. In contrast to smallpox, monkeypox still causes naturally occurring outbreaks, such as the one that occurred in the United States in 2003. It is easily obtained/isolated, and has the potential to be genetically manipulated into a more lethal pathogen than it already is. Together, these viruses represent a significant threat to homeland security. Here, we present new preliminary evidence showing that we have developed a platform of diagnostic reagents that are more sensitive than the currently used PCR assay for detecting a recent monkeypox infection. In Specific Aim I of this Phase I application, we will further characterize these monkeypox-specific reagents and test the hypothesis that a similar approach will also be suitable for diagnosing smallpox infections. In Specific Aim II, we will identify "pan-pox" reagents capable of identifying any recent infection with the major orthopoxviruses known to cause human disease. Development of these reagents will serve as independent confirmation of a recent orthopoxvirus outbreak and will also provide valuable information that is relevant to future vaccine design and treatment of monkeypox or smallpox infections. It is expected that Phase II of this project will utilize the unique reagents that are created and characterized in Phase I to develop rapid, point-of-care diagnostic tests that can be used to immediately identify monkeypox or smallpox outbreaks.

描述（由申请人提供）：天花和猴子代表两个危险的正托病毒，可能导致高发病率和死亡率 - 以及未接种疫苗的人群的广泛恐惧。尽管最后一个天然天花感染的案例发生在1977年，但它被前苏联武器化，并且由于这种高度传染性病毒的股票可能落入恐怖分子或流氓国家的手中，因此仍然是一个重大关注的问题。与天花相反，猴子仍然会导致自然发生的爆发，例如2003年在美国发生的爆发。它很容易获得/孤立，并且有可能在遗传上被遗传操纵成比已经更具致命性的病原体。这些病毒共同对国土安全构成了重大威胁。在这里，我们提供了新的初步证据，表明我们已经开发了一个诊断试剂平台，该试剂比当前使用的PCR测定法更敏感，用于检测最近的Monkeypox感染。在此阶段I应用的特定目的I中，我们将进一步表征这些猴氧基特异性试剂，并检验以下假设：类似方法也将适合诊断天花感染。在特定的目标II中，我们将确定能够鉴定出对已知引起人类疾病的主要正托病毒的任何近期感染的“ Pan-Pox”试剂。这些试剂的开发将作为对最近的正托病毒暴发的独立确认，还将提供与未来的疫苗设计和蒙基匹毒或天花感染的疫苗设计和治疗有关的宝贵信息。预计该项目的第二阶段将利用I阶段创建和表征的独特试剂，以开发快速的，即时的保健诊断测试，可用于立即识别Monkeypox或Smpherpox爆发。