Cooling systems for future motor technologies in electric aircrafts

电动飞机未来电机技术的冷却系统

• 批准号: 2442998
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2442998
• 关键词: Cooling; systems; future; motor; technologies

Electric aircraft propulsion promises to reduce the environmental impacts of flight, however in order for these to viable, significant improvements are needed in the associated technology. This project will focus primarily on the investigation of advanced cooling technologies which will enable the use of new and innovative motor technologies being developed by Toshiba.High-speed electrical machines are one of the primary focuses in the evolution of electrical machine applications of electric vehicles, due to the high power density characteristics they can enable, but with this comes higher loss densities in the machines, resulting in an increase in temperature and a loss of efficiency. This brings about a very important challenge associated with the thermal management of the machine - with an increase in temperature, the requirement for more heat to be removed from the mechanical system is increased. This project will perform a thorough investigation into the current methods of cooling which currently exist, and will endeavour to assess the performance, capability and viability of these already existing methods in conjunction with these new and innovative motor technologies, in which Toshiba are in the process of designing and developing for potential further use in aerospace propulsion applications. As well as an analysis of these current cooling technologies, the scope of this project will dig deeper into the use of more unconventional methods, which are being developed by scientists and engineers across the globe. Again, these methods will be assessed in terms of their potential for use alongside these new designs of motors being developed, with their performance, capability and viability scrutinised and their effectiveness compared with conventional methods.There are a multitude of avenues for research into the field of cooling for electric machines, with the topologies and cooling techniques fairly well defined for these conventional methods - primarily involving air cooling, water cooling and oil cooling, these different types of conventional cooling can be further broken down into more specific topologies and methods. As previously mentioned, there are unconventional, newer concepts of cooling technologies where there is a wide range of potential avenues for research which has previously been unexplored. Some examples of these new concepts are as following: Superconductor windings and their associated cooling methods, the use of heat pipes in an electric machine, phase change cooling and many others. Within this project there is the scope for research into a number of fundamental areas of these cooling technologies, including but not limited to: material selection and their performance, manufacturing of the cooling system components and materials and the mechanical design of the cooling systems. There are lots of methods to be used to analyse these cooling systems and their effectiveness, using a variety of numerical modelling and experimental methods, with the potential for the use of highly complex computational software such as 'computational fluid dynamics'.At this stage of the project, it is not yet fully defined which avenue of electric machine cooling technologies will be the primary focus, however there are a significant number of potential routes to be investigated, with lots of potential for theoretical and experimental research. With many of these technologies not yet fully understood, research into some of these areas would be massively advantageous for the push to fully electric aircraft in the near future.

电动飞机推进有望减少飞行对环境的影响，然而，为了使其可行，需要在相关技术上进行重大改进。该项目将主要关注先进冷却技术的研究，这些技术将使东芝正在开发的新的和创新的电机技术得以使用。高速电机是电动汽车电机应用发展的主要焦点之一，因为它们可以实现高功率密度特性，但随之而来的是机器中更高的损耗密度，导致温度上升和效率损失。这带来了与机器的热管理相关的一个非常重要的挑战--随着温度的升高，从机械系统中带走更多热量的要求也增加了。该项目将对目前存在的冷却方法进行彻底的调查，并将努力评估这些现有方法的性能、能力和可行性，以及这些新的和创新的电机技术，东芝正在设计和开发潜在的进一步用于航空航天推进应用的技术。除了对当前这些冷却技术的分析外，该项目的范围还将更深入地挖掘更多非传统方法的使用，这些方法正在由全球的科学家和工程师开发。同样，这些方法将根据它们与正在开发的新电机设计一起使用的潜力进行评估，并仔细检查它们的性能、能力和可行性，以及它们与传统方法相比的有效性。电机冷却领域有多种研究途径，这些传统方法的拓扑结构和冷却技术得到了相当好的定义-主要涉及空气冷却、水冷却和油冷却，这些不同类型的传统冷却可以进一步细分为更具体的拓扑和方法。正如前面提到的，有一些非传统的、较新的冷却技术概念，其中有一系列以前从未探索过的潜在研究途径。这些新概念的一些例子如下：超导绕组及其相关的冷却方法、电机中热管的使用、相变冷却等等。在该项目中，可以对这些冷却技术的一些基本领域进行研究，包括但不限于：材料选择及其性能、冷却系统部件和材料的制造以及冷却系统的机械设计。有很多方法可以用来分析这些冷却系统及其有效性，使用各种数值模拟和实验方法，并有可能使用高度复杂的计算软件，如‘计算流体力学’。在该项目的这个阶段，还没有完全确定哪种电机冷却技术的途径将是主要的重点，但有相当多的潜在路线需要调查，具有很大的理论和实验研究潜力。由于其中许多技术尚未完全被了解，对其中一些领域的研究将对在不久的将来推动全电动飞机的发展大有裨益。