Partnering to Reduce Obesity with Environmental Changes

合作减少环境变化带来的肥胖

• 批准号: 6953054
• 负责人: DONNA M GATES
• 金额: $ 23.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2007-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6953054
• 关键词: absenteeism; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical activity; body physical characteristic; clinical research; clinical trials; disease /disorder prevention /control; disease /disorder proneness /risk; education evaluation /planning; health behavior; health education; human subject; human therapy evaluation; lifestyle; obesity; occupational health /safety; outcomes research; social group process; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; weight loss; work site

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity and its associated mortality and morbidity are a national health crisis. It is estimated that American employers spend more than $900 billion dollars annually on medical expenditures and that obesityattributable medical expenditures to be $75 billion dollars. Interventions to reduce or prevent obesity that are aimed at the individual level have been studied extensively. On the other hand, data from theory-based research using institutional-level (environmental) approaches are seriously lacking. Yet, institutional-level approaches have the potential to reach large numbers of persons at substantially lower costs than approaches based on individuals and are therefore of critical interest. The specific aim of this randomized, controlled trial is to test the effectiveness of an institutional-level intervention to prevent or reduce obesity at small manufacturing companies in Kentucky. As secondary aims we will determine whether the intervention increases health promoting behaviors, decreases cardiovascular and diabetic risk factors, and reduces productivity costs related to absences and work limitations. Small manufacturing companies in Kentucky were chosen to target because many of the workers are of Appalachian descent and low socioeconomic status, are at increased risk for heart disease and diabetes, and perform sedentary jobs. Although the work environments in manufacturing provide unique opportunities to address obesity, the literature lacks evidence of successful interventions from rigorous worksite trials. This proposal addresses the RFA's request to test a cost-effective health intervention using the synergy created through partnerships among academia, public health, and industry. The investigators and health planners will use the Social Ecological model and Diffusion of Innovations Theory to plan and test a year-long, company-wide campaign at three companies. The institutional-level components include tailored strategies to change knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. Three hundred randomly selected employees at the intervention and control worksites will be followed at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months for anthropometric measures, lifestyle behaviors, absences, and work performance. Since the number of employees who worked in manufacturing in the United States in 2003 was estimated to be 14,701,000 (BLS, 2004), and since overweight and obesity affects up to 66 % of the working population, this project will make a significant contribution to the growing efforts to address the obesity epidemic in the United States.

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖及其相关的死亡率和发病率是一场全国性的健康危机。据估计，美国雇主每年在医疗支出上花费超过 9000 亿美元，其中与肥胖相关的医疗支出为 750 亿美元。针对个体水平的减少或预防肥胖的干预措施已得到广泛研究。另一方面，严重缺乏使用机构层面（环境）方法的基于理论的研究数据。然而，机构层面的方法有可能以比基于个人的方法低得多的成本惠及大量人群，因此具有重大意义。这项随机对照试验的具体目的是测试机构层面的干预措施在肯塔基州小型制造公司预防或减少肥胖的有效性。作为次要目标，我们将确定干预措施是否可以增加健康促进行为，减少心血管和糖尿病风险因素，并降低与缺勤和工作限制相关的生产力成本。肯塔基州的小型制造公司被选为目标，因为许多工人都是阿巴拉契亚血统，社会经济地位较低，患心脏病和糖尿病的风险较高，而且从事久坐的工作。尽管制造业的工作环境为解决肥胖问题提供了独特的机会，但文献缺乏严格的工作现场试验成功干预的证据。该提案满足了 RFA 的要求，即利用学术界、公共卫生和工业界之间的合作伙伴关系所产生的协同作用来测试具有成本效益的健康干预措施。研究人员和健康规划者将使用社会生态模型和创新扩散理论在三个公司规划和测试为期一年的全公司范围的活动。机构层面的组成部分包括改变知识、态度和行为的定制战略。将在基线、3、6 和 12 个月内对干预和控制工作场所随机挑选的 300 名员工进行人体测量、生活方式行为、缺勤和工作绩效跟踪。由于 2003 年美国制造业的雇员人数估计为 14,701,000 人（美国劳工统计局，2004 年），而且超重和肥胖影响着高达 66% 的劳动人口，因此该项目将为解决美国肥胖流行问题做出重大贡献。