"Nicotine: Potential therapies and possible pitfalls"

“尼古丁：潜在的疗法和可能的陷阱”

• 批准号: 6808063
• 负责人: RUSSELL WAYNE BROWN
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: EAST TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-07 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6808063
• 关键词: cognitive behavior therapy; meeting /conference /symposium; neurosciences; nicotine; travel

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this proposal is to request funds to support a one day satellite symposium entitled "Nicotine: Potential therapies and possible pitfalls" to the 2004 International Behavioral Neuroscience Society (IBNS) Conference in Key West, FL. The dates for this meeting are from June 16th to June 20th, 2004. The recent and exciting developments in nicotine research represent a specific need for this symposium. Although there have been several other symposia focused on nicotine over the past few years, most of these have focused on a specific research area, such as nicotine as an addictive drug or on its effects relative to a specific behavioral disorder or neurodegenerative disease. The proposed symposium is designed to convene experts from across the diverse areas of nicotine research to identify nicotine's therapeutic potential, the possible pitfalls of utilizing nicotine as a therapeutic agent, and potential mechanisms of action. A primary goal for this meeting is to encourage discussion amongst scientists from diverse research backgrounds and with wide-ranging interests that can reveal commonalities of approach regarding nicotine as a potential therapy, as well as the positive and negative consequences of nicotine administration in a variety of behavioral, cognitive and neurological research models. However, because nicotine is a psychostimulant, the psychoactive ingredient in tobacco and believed to be the primary ingredient responsible for nicotine addiction, there are obvious potential pitfalls to using nicotine as a therapeutic agent. On the other hand, nicotine and agonists to the acetylcholinergic nicotinic receptor have been shown to eliminate anxiety when given at low doses, enhance cognition, and to significantly reduce, or even eliminate cognitive deficits produced by brain injury and sensory deficits in schizophrenics. Nicotine also increases neurotrophic factor expression and this effect of the drug may have an important role in neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Therefore, several topics across this field will be covered, including underlying mechanisms of nicotine addiction, the role of the nicotinic receptor in behavior and neuroprotection, nicotine's potential therapeutic effects in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, nicotine's role in anxiety, and it's effects on behavior in schizophrenia and brain trauma in animal models as well as humans. The symposium is also designed to bring together a group of scientists at all career levels including graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, assistant, associate, and full professors. In doing this we hope to provide a stimulating environment for the more senior researchers and a nurturing environment for the more junior participants. Additionally, the scientific background of these scientists is also very diverse. The research disciplines of the invitees to the symposium range from molecular neuroscience to behavioral neuroscience and neurology that also work with a variety of species, ranging from rodent to primate to human. Although speakers and session leaders will provide an introduction suited for the less acquainted attendee, presentations will be geared to late-breaking, novel and often unpublished findings to bring as many people to the forefront of the field as possible. In addition to the organizers, eleven scientists have accepted invitations to this symposium, and each will present their latest research in a 30-minute talk. Additionally, we plan a final roundtable discussion with all speakers to discuss the commonalities of the positive effects, underlying mechanisms, and adverse effects of nicotine as a potential therapy.

描述(由申请人提供)： 这项建议的目的是请求资金支持在佛罗里达州基韦斯特举行的2004年国际行为神经科学学会(IBNS)会议的一个为期一天的卫星研讨会，题为“尼古丁：潜在的治疗方法和可能的陷阱”。这次会议的日期是2004年6月16日至6月20日。尼古丁研究的最新和令人兴奋的发展代表了这次研讨会的特殊需要。尽管在过去的几年里，还有其他几个研讨会聚焦于尼古丁，但这些研讨会大多集中在一个特定的研究领域，例如尼古丁作为一种成瘾药物，或者它与特定的行为障碍或神经退行性疾病相关的影响。拟议的研讨会旨在召集来自尼古丁研究不同领域的专家，以确定尼古丁的治疗潜力、将尼古丁用作治疗剂的可能陷阱以及潜在的作用机制。这次会议的一个主要目标是鼓励来自不同研究背景和具有广泛兴趣的科学家之间进行讨论，以揭示将尼古丁作为一种潜在疗法的方法的共性，以及在各种行为、认知和神经学研究模型中尼古丁管理的积极和消极后果。 然而，由于尼古丁是一种精神刺激剂，是烟草中具有精神活性的成分，被认为是导致尼古丁成瘾的主要成分，因此将尼古丁用作治疗剂存在明显的潜在陷阱。另一方面，尼古丁和乙酰胆碱能尼古丁受体激动剂被证明在低剂量服用时可以消除焦虑，增强认知，并显著减少甚至消除精神分裂症患者因脑损伤和感觉障碍而产生的认知缺陷。尼古丁还会增加神经营养因子的表达，这种药物的这种作用可能对阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症等神经退行性疾病的神经保护起到重要作用。因此，这一领域的几个主题将被涵盖，包括尼古丁成瘾的潜在机制，尼古丁受体在行为和神经保护中的作用，尼古丁在阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森病中的潜在治疗作用，尼古丁在焦虑中的作用，以及它在动物模型和人类中对精神分裂症和脑创伤行为的影响。 研讨会还旨在汇聚所有职业水平的科学家，包括研究生、博士后研究员、助理、副教授和正教授。通过这样做，我们希望为更资深的研究人员提供一个激励的环境，为更初级的参与者提供一个培育的环境。此外，这些科学家的科学背景也非常多样化。被邀请参加研讨会的研究学科从分子神经科学到行为神经科学和神经学，也研究从啮齿动物到灵长类动物再到人类的各种物种。虽然演讲者和会议负责人将提供适合不太熟悉的与会者的介绍，但演讲将针对最新的、新颖的、往往未发表的发现，以使尽可能多的人走在该领域的前沿。除了组织者外，还有11名科学家接受了本次研讨会的邀请，每人将在30分钟的演讲中介绍他们的最新研究成果。此外，我们计划与所有发言者进行最后一次圆桌讨论，讨论尼古丁作为一种潜在疗法的积极作用、潜在机制和不良影响的共性。