Calcium, Dairy, and Body Fat in Adolescents

青少年的钙、乳制品和体脂肪

• 批准号: 6873712
• 负责人: Connie Marie Weaver
• 金额: $ 51.97万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6873712
• 关键词: 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol; adolescence (12-20); bioenergetics; body composition; body weight; calcium carbonate; calorimetry; clinical research; dairy products; diet therapy; dietary calcium; dietary supplements; human subject; lipid metabolism; metabolomics; nitrogen balance; nutrition related tag; obesity; oxidation; parathyroid hormones; photon absorptiometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood obesity is a growing concern. We and others have evidence that dairy consumption is associated with moderation of body weight and body fat. Whether this effect is due to calcium alone or to other constituents in dairy is unclear. We propose to test the hypothesis that increased calcium intake through salts or dairy products increases fecal fat excretion as a result of intestinal soap formation, thereby reducing metabolizable energy intake. Dairy product consumption has also been associated with an increase in thermic effect of feeding and increased lipid oxidation, which would increase total energy expenditure. We hypothesize that increased calcium intake through salts or dairy products will increase total energy expenditure by increasing lipid oxidation and thermic effect of feeding and that these effects will be associated with a suppression of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitriol concentrations. We will study these putative mechanisms in 30 overweight to moderately obese adolescent girls and boys who participate in two, three-week strictly controlled diet periods in a randomized order, crossover design. All subjects will receive a basal diet containing 650 mg calcium/day. Calcium intake and source will be manipulated through beverages consumed 3 times daily. During one period, the beverage will provide no additional calcium. During the other period, the beverage will provide an additional 650 mg calcium/day as calcium carbonate in half of the subjects or dairy calcium in the other half of the subjects. Balance (intake-excreta) will be determined for fat, energy, calcium and protein (nitrogen). Total energy expenditure will be determined using doubly labeled water and resting energy expenditure and the thermic effect of feeding will be determined using indirect calorimetry. This study will evaluate calcium/dairy as a modulator of energy balance, important to the management of body fat in children.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童肥胖是一个日益关注的问题。我们和其他人有证据表明乳制品消耗与体重和体重的适度有关。这种作用是由于单独钙或乳制品中的其他成分而引起的尚不清楚。我们建议测试以下假设，即通过盐或乳制品增加钙摄入量会增加肠道肥皂的形成，从而增加粪便脂肪的排泄，从而减少可代谢的能量摄入。乳制品消耗也与喂养热效应和脂质氧化增加有关，这将增加总能量消耗。我们假设通过盐或乳制品摄入钙的摄入量增加将通过增加脂质氧化和进食的热作用来增加总能量消耗，并且这些作用将与抑制血清甲状旁腺激素（PTH）和钙化型浓度有关。我们将在30个超重中研究这些推定的机制，以肥胖的青春期男孩和男孩，他们以随机秩序的跨界设计进行了两个，三周严格控制的饮食期。所有受试者将接受含有650毫克钙/天的基础饮食。钙的摄入量和来源将通过每天食用3次来操纵。在一个时期内，饮料将不提供其他钙。在另一个时期，饮料将在另一半的受试者中，将碳酸钙作为碳酸钙或乳酸钙的碳酸钙提供额外的650 mg钙/天。对于脂肪，能量，钙和蛋白质（氮），将确定平衡（进气表）。总能量消耗将使用双重标记的水和静息能量确定，并使用间接量热法确定喂养的热效应。这项研究将评估钙/乳制品作为能量平衡的调节剂，对儿童体内脂肪的管理很重要。