Comparative Genomics of Seminal Fluid Proteins

精液蛋白质的比较基因组学

• 批准号: 6838813
• 负责人: ANTHONY C FIUMERA
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-01-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6838813
• 关键词: Drosophilidae; arthropod genetics; biochemical evolution; biotechnology; comparative genomic hybridization; complementary DNA; ethology; exocrine glands; fertility; functional /structural genomics; genetic library; genetic mapping; genetic strain; genetically modified animals; natural selections; nuclear transfer; nucleic acid sequence; postdoctoral investigator; semen; sex behavior; single nucleotide polymorphism; sperm

Accessory gland proteins (Acps) are important components of seminal fluid, influencing female physiology and affecting male fitness. Many Acps appear to be under positive selection, potentially driven by sexual conflict and are thus ideal candidates to study coevolutionary process. Rapid amino acid substitutions, however, can make the identification of divergent orthologs difficult using only nucleotide sequence data. Thus, more targeted approaches are required to properly identify Acps, even in species with completed genomes. In this study I propose to create four accessory gland specific cDNA libraries to identify Acps in Drosophila sechellia, D. mauritiana, D. yakuba and D. miranda, I will then annotate these genes and use the D. miranda Acps to determine those present in the full genome of its close relative D. pseudoobscura. Combining this data with the Acps already identified in D. melanogaster and D. simulans will produce a total of seven species, I will then use maximum likelihood fit evolutionary models to the divergence data to characterize the selective pressures influencing the evolution of seminal fluid proteins across these seven species. Sites identified with excess amino acid substitutions will be strong candidates for evidence of positive selection. Parameterization of these models using seven species will provide excellent power to detect evolutionary forces acting on specific lineages or on specific functional classes of genes. Finally, I will then determine the functional conservation of Acps using transgenic D. melanogaster expressing heterospecific accessory gland proteins.

附腺蛋白是精液的重要成分，影响女性生理，影响男性健康。许多ACP似乎处于正选择之下，可能是由性别冲突驱动的，因此是研究共同进化过程的理想候选者。然而，快速的氨基酸替换会使仅使用核苷酸序列数据识别不同的同源基因变得困难。因此，需要更有针对性的方法来正确识别ACP，即使在具有完整基因组的物种中也是如此。在这项研究中，我建议建立四个附腺特异的cDNA文库来鉴定果蝇Sechellia、D.mauritiana、D.Yakuba和D.Miranda中的ACPs，然后我将对这些基因进行注释，并使用D.Miranda ACPs来确定其近亲假黑腹果蝇全基因组中存在的ACPs。将这些数据与已经在黑腹果蝇和拟果蝇中发现的ACP结合起来，将产生总共七个物种，然后我将使用最大似然匹配进化模型来描述影响这七个物种精液蛋白进化的选择压力。氨基酸替换过多的位点将成为正选择证据的有力候选者。使用七个物种对这些模型进行参数化将提供极好的能力来检测作用于特定谱系或特定功能类基因的进化力量。最后，我将使用表达异种附腺蛋白的转基因黑腹果蝇来确定ACPs的功能保守性。