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Effects of herbicide exposure on male reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster

除草剂暴露对果蝇雄性生殖的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8100908
负责人：
ANTHONY C FIUMERA
金额：
$ 44.03万
依托单位：
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-09 至 2016-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although beneficial in agriculture, pesticides can become environmental toxicants when they interact with non-target species. Many of these toxicants have detrimental effects on human health. In order to predict the potential health effects of exposure it is critical to know what traits are affected, as well as understand the genetic basis for how those effects are produced. Understanding how genetic variation contributes to susceptibility will ultimately allow the identification of individuals who are most likely to be adversely affected by exposure to these environmental toxicants. Unfortunately, we are limited by the lack of a model experimental genetic system to study the effects of environmental toxicants at the level of whole organism traits and even more limited at the level of the population. The long-term aim of my research program is to use the model genetic system, Drosophila melanogaster, to study the genetic basis underlying susceptibility to environmental toxicants in natural populations. The overall goal of this proposal is to study the effects of an herbicide on male reproductive performance in D. melanogaster, investigate genome-wide changes in gene expression after exposure, and begin to explore how natural genetic variation affects reproductive susceptibility to this herbicide. Our work will enable future projects to dissect the genetic mechanisms of susceptibility, elucidate the pathways and systems that are important, and predict how exposure will affect reproductive capability. Ultimately, we hope to be able to identify individuals at risk for being adversely affected by exposure to environmental toxicants. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Environmental toxicants, such as pesticides, are serious threats to human health but the genetic basis underlying their effects can be difficult to study in humans. The proposed research will establish the model genetic system, Drosophila melanogaster, as a model toxicology system to study the effects of environmental pollutants on reproductive performance and start to identify novel genes that are involved in responding to these environmental stressors.

描述(申请人提供)：虽然农药有益于农业，但当它们与非目标物种相互作用时，可能会成为环境毒物。其中许多有毒物质对人类健康都有有害影响。为了预测暴露对健康的潜在影响，关键是要知道哪些特征受到影响，以及了解这些影响是如何产生的遗传基础。了解遗传变异如何导致易感性，最终将有助于确定哪些人最有可能受到这些环境毒物的不利影响。不幸的是，我们受到缺乏模型实验遗传系统的限制，无法在整个生物体特征水平上研究环境毒物的影响，更受限于种群水平。我的研究计划的长期目标是使用模式遗传系统--黑腹果蝇--来研究自然种群对环境毒物易感性的遗传基础。这项建议的总体目标是研究除草剂对黑腹果蝇雄性生殖性能的影响，调查暴露后全基因组基因表达的变化，并开始探索自然遗传变异如何影响对这种除草剂的生殖易感性。我们的工作将使未来的项目能够剖析易感性的遗传机制，阐明重要的途径和系统，并预测暴露将如何影响生殖能力。最终，我们希望能够确定暴露在环境毒物中的个人受到不利影响的风险。公共卫生相关性：杀虫剂等环境毒物对人类健康构成严重威胁，但其影响的遗传基础很难在人类身上进行研究。这项拟议的研究将建立模型遗传系统--黑腹果蝇，作为模型毒理学系统，研究环境污染物对生殖性能的影响，并开始识别参与应对这些环境应激源的新基因。