Dynamic Socioeconomic Disadvantage: Effects on Children

描述(由调查人员提供)：现在正在清楚地进行研究 确定了社会经济劣势对 幼儿的健康发展和入学准备。大多数研究都是为了 Date专注于基于收入的贫困，而忽视了其他关键的 家庭社会经济福祉的特征，包括一个家庭的 财政困难、财富和债务水平以及人力资本水平。 本研究在现有文献的基础上进行了改进：(1)利用 具有全国代表性的大型纵向数据集的优势( 幼儿纵向研究-幼儿园队列)和来自 收入动态的面板研究；(2)描述双重收入的动态性质 家庭社会经济不利因素，即家庭收入和 家庭经济困难；以及(3)检验相互矛盾的假设 家庭收入和经济困难如何影响子女的结果。 借鉴我们研究团队在发展方面的不同背景 心理学、社会学、经济学和实证政策分析，我们建议 实现以下一系列目标： 目标一：描述家庭收入的参数和模式 年期间具有全国代表性的样本的轨迹 儿童从幼儿园到一年级、三年级和五年级的过渡。 目标II：测试非递归、事务性的各种替代模型 家庭社会经济劣势与外源性父母之间的关系 特点。 目标三：评估几个基于理论的相互竞争的假设，以检验 家庭收入和经济困难是否以及通过什么机制影响儿童的发展结果。 目标四：审查目标二和目标三中确定的道路是否受到邻里关系和政策背景的制约。 我们在解决这些目标时的目标是确定潜在的因果机制 通过哪些家庭的社会经济劣势影响儿童，并确定 未来政策干预的目标前景看好。

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Mounting research now clearly establishes that socioeconomic disadvantage has a profound, negative impact on young children's healthy development and school readiness. Most research to date has focused on income-based poverty and has neglected other crucial features of family socioeconomic well-being, including a family's experience of financial hardship, levels of wealth and debts, and levels of human capital. The present study improves upon existing literature by: (1) capitalizing on the strengths of a large, nationally representative, and longitudinal data set (the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort) with supplements from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics; (2) describing the dynamic nature of dual components of family socioeconomic disadvantage, namely family income and family financial hardship; and (3) testing competing hypotheses about why and how family income and financial hardship affects children's outcomes. Drawing from our research team's diverse backgrounds in developmental psychology, sociology, economics, and empirical policy analysis, we propose to address the following set of aims: Aim I: To characterize the parameters and patterns of family income trajectories in a nationally representative sample over the period of children's transitions from Kindergarten through 1st 3rd and 5th grades. Aim II: To test a variety of alternative models of nonrecursive, transactional pathways between family socioeconomic disadvantage and exogenous parent characteristics. Aim III: To evaluate several theory-based competing hypotheses that test whether and through what mechanisms family income and financial hardship affect children's developmental outcomes. Aim IV: To examine whether the pathways identified in Aims II and III are moderated by neighborhood and policy contexts. Our goals in addressing these aims are to identify potential causal mechanisms by which family socioeconomic disadvantage affect children and to identify promising targets for future policy intervention.