Knowledge of individuals as a constraining factor in an integrative hierarchical predictive account of emotion identification and its deficits.

识别他人情绪状态的能力是社交互动的关键，这种能力的缺陷会导致社交功能受损和痛苦。几十年来，对这种能力及其缺陷的研究一直集中在情感的感知线索上，特别是面部表情，使用孤立和匿名的感知刺激。在推断情感时，我们可以利用其他概念性信息的程度还没有得到很好的理解。具体来说，迄今为止还没有研究调查过对一个人的了解可能对他们的情绪推断产生的影响。这是令人惊讶的，因为我们拥有许多个性化因素的信息，如性格特征和文化，这些因素可能会影响个人对特定情况的反应，他们的情绪变化有多快，以及他们如何表达情绪。目前的研究概述并测试了一个预测编码框架，在这个框架下，感知、情境、时间和个人相关的线索被提取和整合，以推断典型和非典型情绪识别的情绪。具体来说，我假设情绪推断会随着对目标特征的诱导信念的函数而变化，这个因素与预测编码框架所建议的其他线索相结合，通过对不同因素相对精度的操纵来显示。

The ability to identify others' emotional states is key to social interaction, with deficits in this ability causing impaired social functioning and distress. Decades of research into this ability anddeficits in it have focused on perceptual cues to emotion - in particular, facial expression - using isolated and anonymous perceptual stimuli. The extent to which we might draw upon other,conceptual, information when inferring emotion is not yet well understood. Specifically, no research to date has investigated the effect that knowledge of an individual might have on inferenceof their emotion. This is surprising, since we possess information about a number of individuating factors such as personality traits and culture that are likely to affect what individuals feel inresponse to particular situations, how rapidly their emotions change, and how they express emotions. The current research outlines and tests a predictive coding framework under which perceptual, contextual, temporal and person-related cues are drawn upon and integrated to infer emotion in those with typical and atypical emotion identification. Specifically, I hypothesise that emotional inference will vary as a function of induced beliefs about the target's traits, with this factor being integrated with other cues as suggested by the predictive coding framework, shown by manipulation of different factors' relative precision.