Resource recovery from municipal wastewater with forward osmosis membrane-based process

采用正渗透膜工艺从城市废水中进行资源回收

• 批准号: 2457023
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2457023
• 关键词: Resource; recovery; municipal; wastewater; forward

To achieve sustainable wastewater treatment in the context of circular economy, various technologies have been studied to harness resources in wastewater such as anaerobic digestion for energy recovery, struvite crystallisation for nutrient recovery and reverse membrane for water recovery to reduce environment impact of wastewater treatment. The highly diluted nature of municipal wastewater, however, makes these technologies unfeasible or too costly. Forward osmosis (FO) membrane filtration driven by osmotic pressure has attracted intense attention recently because of its potential for wastewater preconcentration to allow direct use of the above-mentioned technologies for simultaneous water purification and resource recovery. Thus, a promising prospect of forward osmosis filtration as a key unit to design next-generation wastewater treatment plants can be expected due to its smaller footprint, more flexible operation, lower membrane fouling propensity and lower energy consumption if the draw solution is well selected and the process is well designed. Most studies, however, focus on a single or a few model chemicals to investigate FO membrane filtration. Studies on wastewater, and interactive relationships between the chemistry of wastewater and the draw solution, and their effects on flux, membrane fouling and cleaning, pollutant rejection etc, are lacking, which makes the real-world application of FO membrane for wastewater treatment challenging. This PhD project is dedicated to this issue, with the ultimate goal to allow energy, nutrient and water recovery from municipal wastewater cost-effective and sustainable.

为了在循环经济的背景下实现可持续的废水处理，研究了各种技术以利用废水中的资源，例如用于能量回收的厌氧消化、用于营养物回收的鸟粪石结晶和用于水回收的反膜，以减少废水处理对环境的影响。然而，城市废水的高度稀释性质使得这些技术不可行或成本过高。渗透压驱动的正向渗透膜过滤技术由于其在废水预浓缩中的应用潜力而受到广泛关注，该技术可直接应用于水的净化和资源的回收。因此，如果能很好地选择驱动溶液和设计工艺，正渗透过滤作为设计下一代污水处理厂的关键单元具有良好的前景，因为其占地面积更小，操作更灵活，膜污染倾向更低，能耗更低。然而，大多数研究都集中在单一或几种模型化学品上来研究FO膜过滤。缺乏对废水的研究，以及废水和汲取溶液的化学性质之间的相互作用关系，以及它们对通量、膜污染和清洁、污染物截留等的影响，这使得FO膜在废水处理中的实际应用具有挑战性。这个博士项目致力于解决这个问题，最终目标是从城市废水中回收能源，营养物质和水，具有成本效益和可持续性。