High fat feeding and intramyocellular lipid abnormality

高脂肪喂养与肌细胞内脂质异常

• 批准号: 6896248
• 负责人: ZENGKUI GUO
• 金额: $ 14.3万
• 依托单位: MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6896248
• 关键词: biopsy; dietary lipid; gas chromatography mass spectrometry; glucose metabolism; glucose transport; glycogen; glycolysis; hyperinsulinism; hyperlipidemia; insulin; laboratory rat; lipid biosynthesis; lipid disorder; lipid metabolism; muscle disorders; muscle metabolism; nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; nutrition related tag; triglycerides

It is now known that intramyocellular triglycerides (imcTG) content in skeletal muscle of obese adults is increased and this abnormality is associated with impaired glucose metabolism in the muscle. However, the pathways responsible for the increase and the link between the increased imcTG and insulin resistance have not been studied in detail. The objective of this application is to determine the factors and pathways that are responsible for the imcTG accumulation, and to determine whether the oxidation of imcTG fatty acids is also increased and, if so, whether it directly affects glucose metabolism. It is hypothesized that elevated plasma insulin and fatty acid levels, as commonly seen in human obesity, independently stimulate imcTG synthesis and synthesis is the primary pathway leading to the increased imcTG accumulation; and that a larger imcTG pool leads to accelerated imcTG oxidation thereby interfering with muscle glucose metabolism. To test the hypotheses, three specific aims will be pursued to answer following questions: 1) Is insulin an anabolic hormone stimulating imcTG synthesis? 2) Does elevated plasma fatty acid concentration increase imcTG synthesis by providing abundant precursors? 3) Is a larger imcTG pool associated with accelerated oxidation of imcTG fatty acids, and if so, how this affects muscle glucose metabolism? A new one-pool model will be applied to determine the rates of imcTG synthesis, turnover and oxidation directly (muscle biopsy) at controlled insulin and fatty acid levels in rats made obese by high fat feeding. The oxidation of imcTG fatty acids and muscle glucose uptake, glycolysis and glycogen synthesis will be determined using multiple tracers to determine the effect of imcTG oxidation on glucose metabolism. Stable isotopic tracers (13C) and mass spectrometry (GC/MS and isotope ratio MS) will be used to quantitate the kinetics. These studies are designed to answer the questions whether an enlarged imcTG is a chemical entity that imposes a negative effect on glucose metabolism, and whether plasma insulin and fatty acids are responsible for the increased imcTG, and if so, how. Thus, the proposed research will improve the understanding of the mechanism of insulin resistance and imcTG abnormalities in the obese rat that will benefit investigation of human obesity.

现在已知肥胖成人骨骼肌中细胞内甘油三酯（imcTG）含量增加，这种异常与肌肉中葡萄糖代谢受损有关。然而，导致imcTG增加的途径以及imcTG增加与胰岛素抵抗之间的联系尚未得到详细研究。本应用的目的是确定导致imcTG积累的因素和途径，并确定imcTG脂肪酸的氧化是否也增加，如果增加，是否直接影响葡萄糖代谢。假设血浆胰岛素和脂肪酸水平升高，如人类肥胖中常见的，独立刺激imcTG的合成，而合成是导致imcTG积累增加的主要途径；更大的imcTG池导致imcTG氧化加速，从而干扰肌肉葡萄糖代谢。为了验证这些假设，将追求三个具体目标来回答以下问题：1)胰岛素是一种刺激imcTG合成的合成代谢激素吗？2)血浆脂肪酸浓度升高是否通过提供丰富的前体来增加imcTG的合成？3)更大的imcTG池是否与imcTG脂肪酸的加速氧化有关，如果是这样，这对肌肉葡萄糖代谢有何影响？一种新的单池模型将被应用于在控制胰岛素和脂肪酸水平的情况下，直接测定因高脂肪喂养而肥胖的大鼠imcTG的合成、周转和氧化率（肌肉活检）。使用多种示踪剂测定imcTG脂肪酸的氧化和肌肉葡萄糖摄取、糖酵解和糖原合成，以确定imcTG氧化对葡萄糖代谢的影响。稳定同位素示踪剂（13C）和质谱（GC/MS和同位素比MS）将用于定量动力学。这些研究旨在回答以下问题：增大的imcTG是否是一种对葡萄糖代谢产生负面影响的化学实体，血浆胰岛素和脂肪酸是否对imcTG的增加负责，如果是，如何负责。因此，本研究将提高对肥胖大鼠胰岛素抵抗和imcTG异常机制的理解，有助于人类肥胖的研究。