Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Polysaccharides and their application in Fabric and Home Care

改性多糖的合成、表征及其在织物和家庭护理中的应用

• 批准号: 2498102
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2498102
• 关键词: Synthesis; Characterization; Modified; Polysaccharides; their

The composition of modern laundry products has dramatically changed throughout the last 20 years as a result of companies trying to meet the changing washing habits and demands of consumers [1]. Although surfactants still represent the main core of a laundry formulation, many other ingredients have been constantly introduced, thus enabling the fine control of the cleaning performances [1]. Besides builders, bleaching agents, enzymes, and chelating agents, polymers play an important role. As a matter of fact, those provide several benefits such as surfactant boosting, soil suspension, surface modification, dye transfer inhibition, etc. The use of polymers in laundry products has changed as detergent formulations have evolved. Initially, polycarboxylates, in the form of homo- and copolymers of acrylic acid or maleic acid, were introduced to replace sodium tripolyphosphate (being generally used as a builder) to address government regulations and restrictions. [2]. Form this positive result a wide spectrum of polymers for different purposes appeared. Currently, the attention is shifted towards the use of polymers as both soil removals and dispersants. Soil release or soil removals polymers are agents that have been developed as a consequence of the introduction of synthetic fibres into fabrics. Although the adoption of synthetic fibres (mostly polyester fibres) has led to more robust and resistant fabrics, it has also inevitably driven to a problem with oily stain. As a consequence, the employment of soil-release polymers is essential for both 100% polyester and cotton-polyester blends [3]. That said, the vast majority of synthetic polymers (mostly petrochemical-based) used in laundry detergents are toxicologically safe but not biodegradable. Concerns regarding the irreversible depletion of fossil resources, evolving government policies as well as environmental concerns, are driving the search for alternatives. For this reason, since natural polymers are renewable and largely biodegradable, they have recently found a great interest in the detergent industry. Objective and methodology. This project aims to design, synthetise and characterise new soil-release agents starting from natural polymers. Several polysaccharide backbones will be explored. Those are selected from cellulose, inulin, chitosan, pullulan, xylan, scleroglucan and schizophyllan. Their properties will be tuned by chemical modifications. More specifically, various reagents (e.g., hydrophobic, cationic) will be wisely chosen in order to enhance or to provide specific characteristics to the final products, for instance, water-solubility, soil emulsification, etc. Various synthetic procedures will be pursued. Synthetic polymer derivates will be characterised by using a combined approach of several techniques. Specifically, NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) to understand derivates' microscopic architecture while conductimetric and potentiometric titration as well as elemental analysis to shed light on derivates' molecular composition. Soil release performances will be explored through in house tests. The relationship between the types of modification and soil release benefit will be then investigated. Lastly, the products' biodegradation profile will be monitored.Bibliography[1] Randall A. Watson, Laundry Detergent Formulations, in: Michael S. Showell (Ed.), Handbook of Detergents: Formulation, CRC Press LLC., 2009, pp. 51-103.[2] Y.Yangxin1, Z. Jin, A. E. Bayly, Development of Surfactants and Builders in Detergent Formulations, Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 16(2008) 517-527.[3] W. Bertleff, P. Neumann, R. Baur, and D. Kiessling, Aspects of Polymer Use in Detergents, J Surfactants Deterg. 1(1998) 419 - 424.

在过去的20年里，由于公司试图满足消费者不断变化的洗涤习惯和需求，现代洗衣产品的组成发生了巨大变化[1]。虽然表面活性剂仍然是洗衣配方的主要核心，但许多其他成分也不断被引入，从而能够对清洁性能进行精细控制[1]。除了助洗剂、漂白剂、酶和螯合剂之外，聚合物也发挥着重要作用。事实上，这些聚合物具有多种益处，如表面活性剂增强、污垢悬浮、表面改性、染料转移抑制等。随着洗涤剂配方的发展，聚合物在洗衣产品中的使用也发生了变化。最初，以丙烯酸或马来酸的均聚物和共聚物形式的聚羧酸盐被引入以取代三聚磷酸钠（通常用作助洗剂）以解决政府法规和限制。[2]的文件。从这个积极的结果，出现了用于不同目的的聚合物的广泛范围。目前，注意力转向使用聚合物作为土壤去除剂和分散剂。污垢释放或污垢去除聚合物是由于将合成纤维引入织物而开发的试剂。虽然合成纤维（主要是聚酯纤维）的采用使织物更加坚固耐用，但它也不可避免地带来了油污问题。因此，去污聚合物的使用对于100%聚酯和棉-聚酯共混物都是必不可少的[3]。也就是说，洗衣粉中使用的绝大多数合成聚合物（主要是基于石油化工的）在毒理学上是安全的，但不能生物降解。对化石资源不可逆转的枯竭、不断演变的政府政策以及环境问题的担忧，正在推动对替代品的探索。由于这个原因，由于天然聚合物是可再生的并且在很大程度上是可生物降解的，因此它们最近在洗涤剂工业中引起了极大的兴趣。目标和方法。该项目旨在从天然聚合物出发，设计，合成和开发新的去污剂。将探索几种多糖主链。这些选自纤维素、菊粉、壳聚糖、支链淀粉、木聚糖、硬葡聚糖和木聚糖。它们的性能将通过化学修饰来调整。更具体地，各种试剂（例如，疏水的、阳离子的）将被明智地选择，以便增强或提供最终产物的特定特性，例如水溶性、污垢乳化等。合成聚合物衍生物将通过使用几种技术的组合方法来表征。具体而言，NMR（核磁共振）和FTIR（傅里叶变换红外光谱）可用于了解衍生物的微观结构，而电导和电位滴定以及元素分析可用于揭示衍生物的分子组成。将通过室内测试探索土壤释放性能。然后研究改性类型与土壤释放效益之间的关系。最后，将监测产品的生物降解情况。沃森，洗衣洗涤剂配方，在：迈克尔S。Showell（Ed.），Handbook of Detergent：Formulation，CRC Press LLC.，2009年，第页。51-103. [2]Y.Yangxin1，Z. Jin，杨花A. e.刘文，表面活性剂与助洗剂在洗涤剂配方中的应用，中国。J.Chem.Eng.16（2008）517 - 527。[3]W. Bertleff，P. Neumann，R. Baur和D.杨文，高分子材料在洗涤剂中的应用，表面活性剂与洗涤剂学报。1（1998）419 - 424。