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Unravelling the invasion history of alpine newts and the amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

揭开高山蝾螈和两栖类病原体 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis 的入侵历史

基本信息

批准号：
2547076
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2021 至无数据
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2547076
关键词：
Unravelling invasion history alpine newts

项目摘要

Biological invasions are one of the primary drivers of global biodiversity decline, and can have detrimental economic and societal impacts. The spread of invasive species to novel regions is fuelled by globalisation and trade, with many introductions being both deliberatively and accidentally facilitated by humans. Amphibians have become established outside of their native range through a number of different routes, from accidental pet escapes to intentional introductions for pest control. In the UK, there are more non-native amphibians than native species, with the greatest potential threat posed by the invasive alpine newt, Ichthyosaura alpestris. These urodeles act as a vector for the chytrid fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), the causative agent of the deadly amphibian infectious disease, chytridiomycosis. All populations of alpine newts sampled to date have tested positive for Bd, and there is speculation that these invasive amphibians are responsible for bringing this pathogen to the UK. In order to ascertain whether alpine newts introduced Bd to native UK amphibian populations, this project will utilise geographic profiling and genomics to describe invasion history, comparing the pattern with phylogeography of Bd in Britain. The project will also determine whether human activities play a role in newt dispersal.

生物入侵是全球生物多样性下降的主要驱动力之一，并可能产生有害的经济和社会影响。全球化和贸易推动了入侵物种向新地区的传播，许多物种的引入都是由人类有意或无意地促成的。两栖动物已经通过许多不同的途径在其本土范围之外建立起来，从意外的宠物逃跑到故意引入害虫控制。在英国，非本地两栖动物比本地物种多，最大的潜在威胁来自入侵的高山蝾螈，高山鱼龙。这些有尾目动物作为壶菌的载体，壶菌是致命的两栖动物传染病壶菌病的病原体。到目前为止，所有采样的高山蝾螈种群都对Bd检测呈阳性，有人猜测这些入侵的两栖动物负责将这种病原体带到英国。为了确定高山蝾螈是否将Bd引入英国本土两栖动物种群，该项目将利用地理分析和基因组学来描述入侵历史，将其模式与英国Bd的地理分布进行比较。该项目还将确定人类活动是否在蝾螈扩散中发挥作用。