Risk for Alcohol Problems Among College Students

大学生酗酒问题的风险

• 批准号: 6914895
• 负责人: Jeffrey S Simons
• 金额: $ 20.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH DAKOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6914895
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; case history; clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder proneness /risk; emotional adjustment; family genetics; goal oriented behavior; impulsive behavior; longitudinal human study; perception; psychobiology; social conformity; socioenvironment; substance abuse related behavior; university student; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this study is to identify risk and vulnerability mechanisms for alcohol-related problems among college students. Use of alcohol increases the potential for a broad range of psychosocial problems. Research indicates both common and divergent risk mechanisms for alcohol use versus use-related problems. This project aims to examine the association of six risk variables (social norms, impulsivity, affect lability, family history of alcohol problems, alcohol consumption, and perceived utility of alcohol use in achieving personal goals) with alcohol use problems. Two dimensions of use-related problems will be assessed and included as criterion variables: negative consequences and dependency symptoms. This study will explore relationships with a prospective longitudinal design. College students (N=2200) will be recruited through e-mail, announcements in classes and in university print and electronic media, and fliers on campus. Participants will be assessed at two time points separated by a period of six months. All responses will be anonymous and participants will be identified only by a unique self-generated code. Analyses will focus on the subset of students who report using alcohol (85 percent) during the six-month assessment window. Three types of relationships will be examined. The first is an indirect path in which the association between the risk variable and use-related problems is mediated by alcohol consumption. The second is a direct path in which the risk variable contributes to use-related problems independently of alcohol consumption. Third, a vulnerability mechanism will be examined, impulsivity is hypothesized to moderate the relationship between alcohol use and use-related problems and to moderate the relationship between perceived use utility and alcohol use. Indirect, direct, and moderating effects will be determined by a multiple-group SEM. Better understanding of the etiological paths to alcohol use problems may be useful for early identification of individuals at risk for alcohol use problems and may inform the development of effective interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是确定大学生中酒精相关问题的风险和脆弱性机制。饮酒会增加出现一系列心理社会问题的可能性。研究表明，饮酒与饮酒相关问题存在共同和不同的风险机制。该项目旨在研究六个风险变量（社会规范、冲动、情感不稳定性、酒精问题家族史、饮酒以及对实现个人目标的饮酒效用的感知）与饮酒问题之间的关联。将评估与使用相关的问题的两个维度并将其作为标准变量：负面后果和依赖性症状。本研究将探讨与前瞻性纵向设计的关系。大学生（N=2200）将通过电子邮件、课堂公告、大学印刷品和电子媒体以及校园传单进行招募。参与者将在相隔六个月的两个时间点接受评估。所有回复都将是匿名的，参与者只能通过独特的自行生成的代码来识别。分析将重点关注在六个月评估窗口期间报告饮酒的学生子集（85%）。将检查三种类型的关系。第一种是间接路径，其中风险变量和使用相关问题之间的关联是通过饮酒来调节的。第二个是风险变量独立于饮酒而导致与使用相关的问题的直接路径。第三，将检查脆弱性机制，假设冲动性可以调节酒精使用和使用相关问题之间的关系，并调节感知使用效用和酒精使用之间的关系。间接、直接和调节效应将通过多组 SEM 确定。更好地了解酒精使用问题的病因途径可能有助于及早识别有酒精使用问题风险的个体，并可能为制定有效的干预措施提供信息。