Linking Acculturation to Latino Adolescent Substance Use

将文化适应与拉丁裔青少年药物使用联系起来

• 批准号: 6866805
• 负责人: CHARLES R MARTINEZ
• 金额: $ 50.29万
• 依托单位: OREGON SOCIAL LEARNING CENTER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-05 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6866805
• 关键词: Hispanic Americans; adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; coping; drug abuse; family structure /dynamics; health behavior; health disparity; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human migration; human subject; immigrant; interview; longitudinal human study; medically underserved population; parent offspring interaction; peer group; smoking; social adjustment; social support network; socioeconomics; substance abuse related disorder; tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this proposal is to address a significant gap in the prevention literature about the development of substance use and related problems for Latino youth. The Latino population is the fastest growing ethnic subgroup in the U.S., yet our scientific understanding about mechanisms of risk and protection in the population has lagged far behind the growth rate. While epidemiological data support that Latino youth are at no greater risk for substance use than the general youth population, some data indicate that they might be at greater risk for problems that co-occur with substance use (e.g., school failure, incarceration, poor health). Foreign-born Latino youngsters seem to be at particular risk for such problems, and there is growing evidence that risk for substance use initiation and abuse for Latino youth grows substantially as they become more acculturated to the U.S. society. Theoretical models suggest that acculturation processes along with other contextual factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, social support processes) exert their effects on youngster adjustment indirectly, by impacting more proximal variables (i.e., parenting practices). Strong theoretical foundations in the literature have led to the development and testing of a host of interventions designed to ameliorate potential deleterious effects of acculturation for Latino youngsters. Yet, the empirical basis underlying the theory and applied intervention work is sparse. In fact, few empirical studies have been conducted that examine how changes in acculturation processes unfold over time to predict outcomes for families at different stages in the process. The current study will help fill this gap by examining the developmental pathways towards substance use and related problems for 225 recently immigrated Latino families. The prospective, longitudinal design will employ multiple methods and agents to assess family process variables cross-sectionally across up to a 14-year time in residency period, and allows for longitudinal examination of individual family trajectories across a three-year adjustment period. The aims are to: (1) examine the longitudinal effects of acculturation processes, social contexts, and social support processes on family environment, parenting practices, and youth substance use and related problems for immigrant Latino families; (2) examine the effects of years in U.S. residency on the relationship between acculturation processes and the development of youngster substance use and related problems for immigrant Latino families; and (3) test an integrative theoretical model based on social interaction learning theory that specifies mediating effects of family environment and parenting practices on the relationships between macrosystem and exosystem factors (i.e., acculturation processes, social contexts, and social support processes) and substance use and related problems for immigrant Latino youth and their families.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的目的是解决预防文献中关于拉丁裔青少年物质使用的发展和相关问题的重大空白。拉丁裔人口是美国增长最快的族裔群体，但我们对人口风险和保护机制的科学认识却远远落后于其增长率。虽然流行病学数据表明，拉丁裔青年吸毒的风险并不比一般青年人口高，但一些数据表明，他们可能面临与吸毒同时发生的问题（例如学业失败、监禁、健康状况不佳）的更大风险。外国出生的拉丁裔青少年似乎面临此类问题的特殊风险，而且越来越多的证据表明，随着拉丁裔青少年越来越适应美国社会，他们开始使用和滥用药物的风险大幅增加。理论模型表明，文化适应过程以及其他背景因素（例如社会经济地位、社会支持过程）通过影响更近端的变量（即养育方式）间接对青少年的适应产生影响。文献中坚实的理论基础导致了一系列干预措施的开发和测试，这些干预措施旨在改善拉丁裔年轻人文化适应的潜在有害影响。然而，理论和应用干预工作的实证基础却很少。事实上，很少有实证研究来检验文化适应过程的变化如何随着时间的推移而展开，以预测家庭在该过程中不同阶段的结果。 目前的研究将通过检查 225 个最近移民的拉丁裔家庭的药物滥用和相关问题的发展途径来帮助填补这一空白。前瞻性纵向设计将采用多种方法和代理来评估长达 14 年住院期间的家庭过程变量，并允许在三年调整期内纵向检查个人家庭轨迹。其目的是：（1）研究文化适应过程、社会背景和社会支持过程对拉丁裔移民家庭的家庭环境、养育方式、青少年药物滥用及相关问题的纵向影响； (2) 研究在美国居住的年数对文化适应过程和青少年物质使用发展以及拉丁裔移民家庭相关问题之间关系的影响； （3）测试基于社会互动学习理论的综合理论模型，该模型详细说明了家庭环境和养育方式对宏观系统和外系统因素（即文化适应过程、社会背景和社会支持过程）以及移民拉丁裔青年及其家庭的物质使用和相关问题之间关系的中介作用。