Sun Protection for Florida's Children

描述（由申请人提供）：本建议项目的目的是发展一个以学校为基础的综合防晒干预，特别强调儿童在户外时使用帽子。干预措施将针对佛罗里达州希尔斯伯勒县的四年级儿童。干预将以理性行动和计划行为理论为基础，并将以实现以下目标为结构：1）增加儿童关于帽子的防晒知识，2）培养更积极的戴帽子态度3）改变戴帽子的主观规范，4）儿童认为控制其戴帽子行为的目标人群（家长、教师）和5）当孩子在学校户外时（主要结果）和在学校以外的户外时（次要结果）增加帽子的使用。 为了实现这些目标，干预措施将是多方面的，将包括1）与学校校长的个别会议，以促进学校政策，鼓励儿童在户外使用帽子2）与四年级教师的会议，解释防晒和帽子使用的重要性，这解决了老师们潜在的担忧3）与四年级学生的课堂讨论，提高了防晒知识，培养了对帽子使用的更积极的态度，这改变了人们在学校戴帽子的主观标准4）后续课程中，孩子们会得到免费的帽子，帽子上有代表他们学校的定制帽子设计5）防晒教育材料，这些材料会邮寄给目标孩子的父母。 该计划的整体成效将采用随机对照设计，其中20所学校将随机接受校本干预或作为对照。两个行为结果将在两年的时间内进行评估：1）帽子使用，而在学校和2）帽子使用，而在外面，而不是在学校。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this proposed project is to develop a school-based comprehensive sun protection intervention with a special emphasis on the use of hats when children are outdoors. The intervention will be targeted to fourth grade children in Hillsborough County Florida. The intervention will be based on the Theory of Reasoned Action and Planned Behavior and will be structured to accomplish the following goals: 1) Increase sun protection knowledge of children in regards to hats, 2) Foster more positive attitudes in regard to wearing hats 3) Change the subjective norm of wearing hats, 4) Target persons that children perceive as controlling their behavior of wearing hats (parents, teachers) and 5) Increase the use of hats when children are outdoors at school (primary outcome) and when outdoors at times other than school (secondary outcome). To accomplish these goals, the intervention will be multifaceted and will include 1) individual sessions with school principals to facilitate a school policy that encourages the use of hats when children are outdoors 2) a session with fourth grade teachers that explains the importance of sun protection and hat use, and that addresses potential concerns by teachers 3) classroom sessions with fourth grade children that improves sun protection knowledge, fosters more positive attitudes about hat use, and that changes the subjective norm of wearing hats when at school 4) follow-up sessions in which children are provided free hats with a customized hat design that represents their school 5) sun protection educational materials that are mailed to the parents of targeted children. The overall effectiveness of the project will be determined using a randomized controlled design in which 20 schools will be randomized to either receive the school-based intervention or to serve as controls. Two behavioral outcomes will be assessed over a two-year period: 1) hat use while in school and 2) hat use while outside and not at school.